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<title>Editing with DTD or XML schema constraints</title>
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<h1 class="topictitle1">Editing with DTD or XML schema constraints</h1>
<div><p>In the Design view, when you edit an XML file that has a set of
constraints (that is, a set of rules) defined by a DTD or an XML schema, you
can turn the constraints on and off to provide flexibility in the way you
edit, but still maintain the validity of the document periodically.</p><div class="skipspace"><p> When the constraints are turned on, and you are working in the
Design view, the XML editor prevents you from inserting elements, attributes,
or attribute values not permitted by the rules of the XML schema or DTD, and
from removing necessary or predefined sets of tags and values. In this mode,
an element's content must be valid to use the XML editor's guided editing
options.</p>
<p>You may want to turn the constraints off for an XML file if
you need more flexibility. For example, you want to try working with elements
or attributes not permitted by the associated DTD or XML schema, without actually
removing the association with the DTD or XML schema.</p>
<p>To turn the constraints
for an XML file off, click <span class="uicontrol">XML &gt; Turn Grammar Constraints Off</span>.
After you have turned the constraints off for a file, you can insert or delete
any element or attribute regardless of the DTD or XML schema rules. You can
create new elements or attributes that are not in the DTD or schema - these
Design view prompts will only appear when you have turned constraints off.
The file may not be valid, however, if you do this. </p>
<p>The following instructions
were written for the Resource perspective, but they will also work in many
other perspectives.</p>
<p>The following is an example of what you can do if
you turn the constraints of a DTD off:</p>
</div>
<ol><li class="skipspace"><span>Open the XML file in the XML editor (right-click the file in the
Navigator view and click <b> <span class="uicontrol">Open With &gt; XML Editor</span></b>). </span></li>
<li class="skipspace"><span>For example, you have a DTD that specifies that an element requires
at least one of a specific child element:  </span> <pre>&lt;!ELEMENT parentElement (childElement+)&gt;</pre>
</li>
<li class="skipspace"><span>If, in an XML file associated with your DTD, you attempt to remove
the final child element of the element with the DTD constraints turned on,
the editor will not allow you to do this, as it will make the document invalid.</span> You can confirm this by using the element's pop-up menu to verify that
the<span class="uicontrol"> <b>Remove</b></span> option is grayed out.</li>
<li class="skipspace"><span>To turn the DTD constraints off, click <b> <span class="uicontrol">XML &gt; Turn Grammar
Constraints Off</span></b>. </span></li>
<li class="skipspace"><span>If you attempt to remove the same child element with constraints
off, the editor will allow you to.</span></li>
<li class="skipspace"><span>To correct the invalid document, you will have to re-add the necessary
element, or remove the invalid tagging or value.</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="skipspace">If you introduce errors into your files, you must save and validate
the file in order to see a list of the errors you have introduced. They will
be listed in the Problems view. After you fix the errors, you must save and
validate your file again to see if the file is now valid.</div>
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<p><b class="relconceptshd">Related concepts</b><br />
<a href="../topics/cxmlcat.html" title="There are two different ways to associate XML files with DTDs or XML schemas.">XML file associations with DTDs and XML schemas</a><br />
</p>
<p><b class="reltaskshd">Related tasks</b><br />
<a href="../topics/tedtdoc.html" title="The DOCTYPE declaration in an XML file is used at the beginning of it to associate it with a DTD file. You can edit your DOCTYPE declaration to change the DTD file your XML file is associated with.">Editing your DOCTYPE declaration</a><br />
<a href="../topics/txmlcat.html" title="Adding an entry to the XML Catalog">Adding an entry to the XML Catalog</a><br />
<a href="../topics/tedtgram.html" title="If you make changes to a DTD file or XML schema associated with an XML file (that is currently open), click XML &gt; Reload Dependencies to update the XML file with these changes.">Updating XML files with changes made to DTDs and schemas</a><br />
<a href="../topics/tedtsch.html" title="Your namespace information is used to provide various information about the XML file, such as the XML schema it is associated with.?">Editing your namespace information</a><br />
</p>
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