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 <h1 class="topictitle1">Editing with DTD or XML schema constraints</h1>


 <div><p>In the Design view, when you edit an XML file that has a set of
 constraints (that is, a set of rules) defined by a DTD or an XML schema, you
 can turn the constraints on and off to provide flexibility in the way you
 edit, but still maintain the validity of the document periodically.</p>

 <div class="section"><p> When the constraints are turned on, and you are working in the
 Design view, the XML editor prevents you from inserting elements, attributes,
 or attribute values not permitted by the rules of the XML schema or DTD, and
 from removing necessary or predefined sets of tags and values. In this mode,
 an element's content must be valid to use the XML editor's guided editing
 options.</p>
 <p>You might want to turn the constraints off for an XML file
 if you need more flexibility. For example, you want to try working with elements
 or attributes not permitted by the associated DTD or XML schema, without actually
 removing the association with the DTD or XML schema.</p>
 <p>To turn the constraints
 for an XML file off, click <span class="uicontrol">XML &gt; Turn Grammar Constraints Off</span>.
 After you have turned the constraints off for a file, you can insert or delete
 any element or attribute regardless of the DTD or XML schema rules. You can
 create new elements or attributes that are not in the DTD or schema - these
 Design view prompts will only appear when you have turned constraints off.
 The file might not be valid, however, if you do this. </p>
 <p>The following
 instructions were written for the Resource perspective, but they will also
 work in many other perspectives.</p>
 <p>The following example shows what you
 can do if you turn the constraints of a DTD off:</p>
 </div>

 <ol>
 <li class="stepexpand"><span>Open the XML file in the XML editor (right-click the file in the
 Navigator view and click <span class="uicontrol">Open With &gt; XML Editor</span>). </span>
 </li>

 <li class="stepexpand"><span>You have a DTD that specifies that an element requires at least
 one of a specific child element:  </span> <pre>&lt;!ELEMENT parentElement (childElement+)&gt;
 </pre>
 </li>

 <li class="stepexpand"><span>If, in an XML file associated with your DTD, you attempt to remove
 the final child element of the element with the DTD constraints turned on,
 the editor will not allow you to do this, as it will make the document invalid.</span>
  You can confirm this by using the element's pop-up menu to verify that
 the <span class="uicontrol">Remove</span> option is grayed out.</li>

 <li class="stepexpand"><span>To turn the DTD constraints off, click <span class="uicontrol">XML &gt; Turn Grammar
 Constraints Off</span>. </span></li>

 <li class="stepexpand"><span>If you attempt to remove the same child element with constraints
 off, the editor will allow you to.</span></li>

 <li class="stepexpand"><span>To correct the invalid document, you will have to re-add the necessary
 element, or remove the invalid tagging or value.</span></li>

 </ol>

 <div class="section">If you introduce errors into your files, you must save and validate
 the file in order to see a list of the errors you have introduced. They will
 be listed in the Problems view. After you fix the errors, you must save and
 validate your file again to see if the file is now valid.</div>

 </div>

 <div><div class="relconcepts"><strong>Related concepts</strong><br />
 <div><a href="../topics/cxmlcat.html" title="When an XML file is associated with a DTD or XML schema, it is bound by any structural rules contained in the DTD or XML schema. To be considered a valid XML file, a document must be accompanied by a DTD or an XML schema, and conform to all of the declarations in the DTD or the XML schema.">XML file associations with DTDs and XML schemas</a></div>
 </div>
 <div class="reltasks"><strong>Related tasks</strong><br />
 <div><a href="../topics/tedtdoc.html" title="The DOCTYPE declaration in an XML file is used at the beginning of it to associate it with a DTD file. You can edit your DOCTYPE declaration to change the DTD file your XML file is associated with.">Editing DOCTYPE declarations</a></div>
 <div><a href="../topics/txmlcat.html" title="An XML Catalog entry contains two parts - a Key (which represents a DTD or XML schema) and a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) (which contains information about a DTD or XML schema's location). You can place the Key in an XML file. When the XML processor encounters it, it will use the XML Catalog entry to find the location of the DTD or XML schema associated with the Key">Adding entries to the XML Catalog</a></div>
 <div><a href="../topics/tedtgram.html" title="If you make changes to a DTD file or XML schema associated with an XML file (that is currently open), click XML &gt; Reload Dependencies to update the XML file with these changes. The changes will be reflected in the guided editing mechanisms available in the editor, such as content assist.">Updating XML files with changes made to DTDs and schemas</a></div>
 <div><a href="../topics/tedtsch.html" title="Your namespace information is used to provide various information about the XML file, such as the XML schema and namespace it is associated with. If desired, you can change the schema and namespace your XML file is associated with or add a new association. Modifying any associations can impact what content is allowed in the XML file.">Editing namespace information</a></div>
 </div>
 </div>

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	<head>
	<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type" />
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	<meta name="abstract" content="In the Design view, when you edit an XML file that has a set of constraints (that is, a set of rules) defined by a DTD or an XML schema, you can turn the constraints on and off to provide flexibility in the way you edit, but still maintain the validity of the document periodically." />
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	<title>Editing with DTD or XML schema constraints</title>
	</head>
	<body id="tedtcnst"><a name="tedtcnst"><!-- --></a>


	<h1 class="topictitle1">Editing with DTD or XML schema constraints</h1>




	<div><p>In the Design view, when you edit an XML file that has a set of
	constraints (that is, a set of rules) defined by a DTD or an XML schema, you
	can turn the constraints on and off to provide flexibility in the way you
	edit, but still maintain the validity of the document periodically.</p>

	<div class="section"><p> When the constraints are turned on, and you are working in the
	Design view, the XML editor prevents you from inserting elements, attributes,
	or attribute values not permitted by the rules of the XML schema or DTD, and
	from removing necessary or predefined sets of tags and values. In this mode,
	an element's content must be valid to use the XML editor's guided editing
	options.</p>
	<p>You might want to turn the constraints off for an XML file
	if you need more flexibility. For example, you want to try working with elements
	or attributes not permitted by the associated DTD or XML schema, without actually
	removing the association with the DTD or XML schema.</p>
	<p>To turn the constraints
	for an XML file off, click <span class="uicontrol">XML > Turn Grammar Constraints Off</span>.
	After you have turned the constraints off for a file, you can insert or delete
	any element or attribute regardless of the DTD or XML schema rules. You can
	create new elements or attributes that are not in the DTD or schema - these
	Design view prompts will only appear when you have turned constraints off.
	The file might not be valid, however, if you do this. </p>
	<p>The following
	instructions were written for the Resource perspective, but they will also
	work in many other perspectives.</p>
	<p>The following example shows what you
	can do if you turn the constraints of a DTD off:</p>
	</div>

	<ol>
	<li class="stepexpand"><span>Open the XML file in the XML editor (right-click the file in the
	Navigator view and click <span class="uicontrol">Open With > XML Editor</span>). </span>
	</li>

	<li class="stepexpand"><span>You have a DTD that specifies that an element requires at least
	one of a specific child element: </span> <pre><!ELEMENT parentElement (childElement+)>
	</pre>
	</li>

	<li class="stepexpand"><span>If, in an XML file associated with your DTD, you attempt to remove
	the final child element of the element with the DTD constraints turned on,
	the editor will not allow you to do this, as it will make the document invalid.</span>
	You can confirm this by using the element's pop-up menu to verify that
	the <span class="uicontrol">Remove</span> option is grayed out.</li>

	<li class="stepexpand"><span>To turn the DTD constraints off, click <span class="uicontrol">XML > Turn Grammar
	Constraints Off</span>. </span></li>

	<li class="stepexpand"><span>If you attempt to remove the same child element with constraints
	off, the editor will allow you to.</span></li>

	<li class="stepexpand"><span>To correct the invalid document, you will have to re-add the necessary
	element, or remove the invalid tagging or value.</span></li>

	</ol>

	<div class="section">If you introduce errors into your files, you must save and validate
	the file in order to see a list of the errors you have introduced. They will
	be listed in the Problems view. After you fix the errors, you must save and
	validate your file again to see if the file is now valid.</div>

	</div>

	<div><div class="relconcepts"><strong>Related concepts</strong><br />
	<div><a href="../topics/cxmlcat.html" title="When an XML file is associated with a DTD or XML schema, it is bound by any structural rules contained in the DTD or XML schema. To be considered a valid XML file, a document must be accompanied by a DTD or an XML schema, and conform to all of the declarations in the DTD or the XML schema.">XML file associations with DTDs and XML schemas</a></div>
	</div>
	<div class="reltasks"><strong>Related tasks</strong><br />
	<div><a href="../topics/tedtdoc.html" title="The DOCTYPE declaration in an XML file is used at the beginning of it to associate it with a DTD file. You can edit your DOCTYPE declaration to change the DTD file your XML file is associated with.">Editing DOCTYPE declarations</a></div>
	<div><a href="../topics/txmlcat.html" title="An XML Catalog entry contains two parts - a Key (which represents a DTD or XML schema) and a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) (which contains information about a DTD or XML schema's location). You can place the Key in an XML file. When the XML processor encounters it, it will use the XML Catalog entry to find the location of the DTD or XML schema associated with the Key">Adding entries to the XML Catalog</a></div>
	<div><a href="../topics/tedtgram.html" title="If you make changes to a DTD file or XML schema associated with an XML file (that is currently open), click XML > Reload Dependencies to update the XML file with these changes. The changes will be reflected in the guided editing mechanisms available in the editor, such as content assist.">Updating XML files with changes made to DTDs and schemas</a></div>
	<div><a href="../topics/tedtsch.html" title="Your namespace information is used to provide various information about the XML file, such as the XML schema and namespace it is associated with. If desired, you can change the schema and namespace your XML file is associated with or add a new association. Modifying any associations can impact what content is allowed in the XML file.">Editing namespace information</a></div>
	</div>
	</div>

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