bundles/org.eclipse.uomo.units/src/main/java/org/eclipse/uomo/units/impl/system/Units.java - uomo/org.eclipse.uomo - Git at Google

 /**
  * Copyright (c) 2005, 2017, Werner Keil and others.
  * All rights reserved. This program and the accompanying materials
  * are made available under the terms of the Eclipse Public License v1.0
  * which accompanies this distribution, and is available at
  * http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html
  *
  * Contributors:
  *    Werner Keil - initial API and implementation
  */
 package org.eclipse.uomo.units.impl.system;

 import javax.measure.Quantity;
 import javax.measure.Unit;
 import javax.measure.quantity.Acceleration;
 import javax.measure.quantity.AmountOfSubstance;
 import javax.measure.quantity.Angle;
 import javax.measure.quantity.Area;
 import javax.measure.quantity.CatalyticActivity;
 import javax.measure.quantity.Dimensionless;
 import javax.measure.quantity.ElectricCapacitance;
 import javax.measure.quantity.ElectricCharge;
 import javax.measure.quantity.ElectricConductance;
 import javax.measure.quantity.ElectricCurrent;
 import javax.measure.quantity.ElectricInductance;
 import javax.measure.quantity.ElectricPotential;
 import javax.measure.quantity.ElectricResistance;
 import javax.measure.quantity.Energy;
 import javax.measure.quantity.Force;
 import javax.measure.quantity.Frequency;
 import javax.measure.quantity.Illuminance;
 import javax.measure.quantity.Length;
 import javax.measure.quantity.LuminousFlux;
 import javax.measure.quantity.LuminousIntensity;
 import javax.measure.quantity.MagneticFlux;
 import javax.measure.quantity.MagneticFluxDensity;
 import javax.measure.quantity.Mass;
 import javax.measure.quantity.Power;
 import javax.measure.quantity.Pressure;
 import javax.measure.quantity.RadiationDoseAbsorbed;
 import javax.measure.quantity.RadiationDoseEffective;
 import javax.measure.quantity.Radioactivity;
 import javax.measure.quantity.SolidAngle;
 import javax.measure.quantity.Speed;
 import javax.measure.quantity.Temperature;
 import javax.measure.quantity.Time;
 import javax.measure.quantity.Volume;
 import javax.measure.spi.SystemOfUnits;

 import org.eclipse.uomo.units.AbstractSystemOfUnits;
 import org.eclipse.uomo.units.AbstractUnit;
 import org.eclipse.uomo.units.impl.AlternateUnit;
 import org.eclipse.uomo.units.impl.BaseUnit;
 import org.eclipse.uomo.units.impl.ProductUnit;
 import org.eclipse.uomo.units.impl.QuantityDimension;
 import org.eclipse.uomo.units.impl.TransformedUnit;
 import org.eclipse.uomo.units.impl.converter.AddConverter;
 import org.eclipse.uomo.units.impl.converter.RationalConverter;

 import tec.uom.lib.common.function.Nameable;

 /**
  * <p>
  * This class defines commonly used units.
  *
  * @author <a href="mailto:units@catmedia.us">Werner Keil</a>
  * @version 1.0.4, July 30, 2017
  * @since 1.0
  */
 public class Units extends AbstractSystemOfUnits implements Nameable {

   public static final String SYSTEM_NAME = "Units"; // This is for ME

   // compatibility, since
   // Class.getSimpleName()
   // isn't available.

   protected Units() {
   }

   private static final Units INSTANCE = new Units();

   // //////////////
   // BASE UNITS //
   // //////////////

   /**
    * The SI base unit for electric current quantities (standard name <code>A</code>). The Ampere is that constant current which, if maintained in two
    * straight parallel conductors of infinite length, of negligible circular cross-section, and placed 1 meter apart in vacuum, would produce between
    * these conductors a force equal to 2 * 10-7 newton per meter of length. It is named after the French physicist Andre Ampere (1775-1836).
    */
   public static final Unit<ElectricCurrent> AMPERE = addUnit(new BaseUnit<ElectricCurrent>("A", QuantityDimension.ELECTRIC_CURRENT),
       ElectricCurrent.class);

   /**
    * The SI base unit for luminous intensity quantities (standard name <code>cd</code>). The candela is the luminous intensity, in a given direction,
    * of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 * 1012 hertz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per
    * steradian
    *
    * @see <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candela"> Wikipedia: Candela</a>
    */
   public static final Unit<LuminousIntensity> CANDELA = addUnit(new BaseUnit<LuminousIntensity>("cd", QuantityDimension.LUMINOUS_INTENSITY),
       LuminousIntensity.class);

   /**
    * The SI base unit for thermodynamic temperature quantities (standard name <code>K</code>). The kelvin is the 1/273.16th of the thermodynamic
    * temperature of the triple point of water. It is named after the Scottish mathematician and physicist William Thomson 1st Lord Kelvin (1824-1907)
    */
   public static final Unit<Temperature> KELVIN = addUnit(new BaseUnit<Temperature>("K", QuantityDimension.TEMPERATURE), Temperature.class);

   /**
    * The SI base unit for mass quantities (standard name <code>kg</code>). It is the only SI unit with a prefix as part of its name and symbol. The
    * kilogram is equal to the mass of an international prototype in the form of a platinum-iridium cylinder kept at Sevres in France.
    *
    * @see #GRAM
    */
   public static final Unit<Mass> KILOGRAM = addUnit(new BaseUnit<Mass>("kg", QuantityDimension.MASS), Mass.class);

   /**
    * The SI base unit for length quantities (standard name <code>m</code>). One metre was redefined in 1983 as the distance traveled by light in a
    * vacuum in 1/299,792,458 of a second.
    */
   public static final Unit<Length> METRE = addUnit(new BaseUnit<Length>("m", QuantityDimension.LENGTH), Length.class);

   /**
    * The SI base unit for amount of substance quantities (standard name <code>mol</code>). The mole is the amount of substance of a system which
    * contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012 kilogram of carbon 12.
    */
   public static final Unit<AmountOfSubstance> MOLE = addUnit(new BaseUnit<AmountOfSubstance>("mol", QuantityDimension.AMOUNT_OF_SUBSTANCE),
       AmountOfSubstance.class);

   /**
    * The SI base unit for duration quantities (standard name <code>s</code>). It is defined as the duration of 9,192,631,770 cycles of radiation
    * corresponding to the transition between two hyperfine levels of the ground state of cesium (1967 Standard).
    */
   public static final Unit<Time> SECOND = addUnit(new BaseUnit<Time>("s", QuantityDimension.TIME), Time.class);

   // //////////////////////////////
   // SI DERIVED ALTERNATE UNITS //
   // //////////////////////////////

   /**
    * The SI derived unit for mass quantities (standard name <code>g</code>). The base unit for mass quantity is {@link #KILOGRAM}.
    */
   public static final Unit<Mass> GRAM = addUnit(KILOGRAM.divide(1000));

   /**
    * The SI unit for plane angle quantities (standard name <code>rad</code>). One radian is the angle between two radii of a circle such that the
    * length of the arc between them is equal to the radius.
    */
   public static final Unit<Angle> RADIAN = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<Angle>(AbstractUnit.ONE, "rad"), Angle.class);

   /**
    * The SI unit for solid angle quantities (standard name <code>sr</code>). One steradian is the solid angle subtended at the center of a sphere by
    * an area on the surface of the sphere that is equal to the radius squared. The total solid angle of a sphere is 4*Pi steradians.
    */
   public static final Unit<SolidAngle> STERADIAN = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<SolidAngle>(AbstractUnit.ONE, "sr"), SolidAngle.class);

   /**
    * The SI unit for frequency (standard name <code>Hz</code>). A unit of frequency equal to one cycle per second. After Heinrich Rudolf Hertz
    * (1857-1894), German physicist who was the first to produce radio waves artificially.
    */
   public static final Unit<Frequency> HERTZ = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<Frequency>(AbstractUnit.ONE.divide(SECOND), "Hz"), Frequency.class);

   /**
    * The SI unit for force (standard name <code>N</code>). One newton is the force required to give a mass of 1 kilogram an Force of 1 metre per
    * second per second. It is named after the English mathematician and physicist Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727).
    */
   public static final Unit<Force> NEWTON = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<Force>(METRE.multiply(KILOGRAM).divide(SECOND.pow(2)), "N"), Force.class);

   /**
    * The SI unit for pressure, stress (standard name <code>Pa</code>). One pascal is equal to one newton per square meter. It is named after the
    * French philosopher and mathematician Blaise Pascal (1623-1662).
    */
   public static final Unit<Pressure> PASCAL = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<Pressure>(NEWTON.divide(METRE.pow(2)), "Pa"), Pressure.class);

   /**
    * The SI unit for energy, work, quantity of heat (<code>J</code>). One joule is the amount of work done when an applied force of 1 newton moves
    * through a distance of 1 metre in the direction of the force. It is named after the English physicist James Prescott Joule (1818-1889).
    */
   public static final Unit<Energy> JOULE = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<Energy>(NEWTON.multiply(METRE), "J"), Energy.class);

   /**
    * The SI unit for power, radiant, flux (standard name <code>W</code>). One watt is equal to one joule per second. It is named after the British
    * scientist James Watt (1736-1819).
    */
   public static final Unit<Power> WATT = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<Power>(JOULE.divide(SECOND), "W"), Power.class);

   /**
    * The SI unit for electric charge, quantity of electricity (standard name <code>C</code>). One Coulomb is equal to the quantity of charge
    * transferred in one second by a steady current of one ampere. It is named after the French physicist Charles Augustin de Coulomb (1736-1806).
    */
   public static final Unit<ElectricCharge> COULOMB = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<ElectricCharge>(SECOND.multiply(AMPERE), "C"), ElectricCharge.class);

   /**
    * The SI unit for electric potential difference, electromotive force (standard name <code>V</code>). One Volt is equal to the difference of
    * electric potential between two points on a conducting wire carrying a constant current of one ampere when the power dissipated between the points
    * is one watt. It is named after the Italian physicist Count Alessandro Volta (1745-1827).
    */
   public static final Unit<ElectricPotential> VOLT = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<ElectricPotential>(WATT.divide(AMPERE), "V"), ElectricPotential.class);

   /**
    * The SI unit for capacitance (standard name <code>F</code>). One Farad is equal to the capacitance of a capacitor having an equal and opposite
    * charge of 1 coulomb on each plate and a potential difference of 1 volt between the plates. It is named after the British physicist and chemist
    * Michael Faraday (1791-1867).
    */
   public static final Unit<ElectricCapacitance> FARAD = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<ElectricCapacitance>(COULOMB.divide(VOLT), "F"),
       ElectricCapacitance.class);

   /**
    * The SI unit for electric resistance (standard name <code>Ohm</code>). One Ohm is equal to the resistance of a conductor in which a current of one
    * ampere is produced by a potential of one volt across its terminals. It is named after the German physicist Georg Simon Ohm (1789-1854).
    */
   public static final Unit<ElectricResistance> OHM = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<ElectricResistance>(VOLT.divide(AMPERE), "Ω"),
       ElectricResistance.class);

   /**
    * The SI unit for electric conductance (standard name <code>S</code>). One Siemens is equal to one ampere per volt. It is named after the German
    * engineer Ernst Werner von Siemens (1816-1892).
    */
   public static final Unit<ElectricConductance> SIEMENS = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<ElectricConductance>(AMPERE.divide(VOLT), "S"),
       ElectricConductance.class);

   /**
    * The SI unit for magnetic flux (standard name <code>Wb</code>). One Weber is equal to the magnetic flux that in linking a circuit of one turn
    * produces in it an electromotive force of one volt as it is uniformly reduced to zero within one second. It is named after the German physicist
    * Wilhelm Eduard Weber (1804-1891).
    */
   public static final Unit<MagneticFlux> WEBER = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<MagneticFlux>(VOLT.multiply(SECOND), "Wb"), MagneticFlux.class);

   /**
    * The alternate unit for magnetic flux density (standard name <code>T</code>). One Tesla is equal equal to one weber per square metre. It is named
    * after the Serbian-born American electrical engineer and physicist Nikola Tesla (1856-1943).
    */
   public static final Unit<MagneticFluxDensity> TESLA = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<MagneticFluxDensity>(WEBER.divide(METRE.pow(2)), "T"),
       MagneticFluxDensity.class);

   /**
    * The alternate unit for inductance (standard name <code>H</code>). One Henry is equal to the inductance for which an induced electromotive force
    * of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second. It is named after the American physicist Joseph Henry
    * (1791-1878).
    */
   public static final Unit<ElectricInductance> HENRY = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<ElectricInductance>(WEBER.divide(AMPERE), "H"),
       ElectricInductance.class);

   /**
    * The SI unit for Celsius temperature (standard name <code>Cel</code>). This is a unit of temperature such as the freezing point of water (at one
    * atmosphere of pressure) is 0 Cel, while the boiling point is 100 Cel.
    */
   public static final Unit<Temperature> CELSIUS = addUnit(new TransformedUnit<Temperature>(KELVIN, new AddConverter(273.15)));
   // Not mapping to Temperature since temperature is mapped to Kelvin.

   /**
    * The SI unit for activity of a radionuclide (standard name <code>Bq</code> ). One becquerel is the radiation caused by one disintegration per
    * second. It is named after the French physicist, Antoine-Henri Becquerel (1852-1908).
    */
   public static final Unit<Radioactivity> BECQUEREL = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<Radioactivity>(AbstractUnit.ONE.divide(SECOND), "Bq"),
       Radioactivity.class);

   /**
    * The SI unit for absorbed dose, specific energy (imparted), kerma (standard name <code>Gy</code>). One gray is equal to the dose of one joule of
    * energy absorbed per one kilogram of matter. It is named after the British physician L. H. Gray (1905-1965).
    */
   public static final Unit<RadiationDoseAbsorbed> GRAY = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<RadiationDoseAbsorbed>(JOULE.divide(KILOGRAM), "Gy"),
       RadiationDoseAbsorbed.class);

   /**
    * The SI unit for dose equivalent (standard name <code>Sv</code>). One Sievert is equal is equal to the actual dose, in grays, multiplied by a
    * "quality factor" which is larger for more dangerous forms of radiation. It is named after the Swedish physicist Rolf Sievert (1898-1966).
    */
   public static final Unit<RadiationDoseEffective> SIEVERT = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<RadiationDoseEffective>(JOULE.divide(KILOGRAM), "Sv"),
       RadiationDoseEffective.class);

   /**
    * The SI unit for catalytic activity (standard name <code>kat</code>).
    */
   public static final Unit<CatalyticActivity> KATAL = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<CatalyticActivity>(MOLE.divide(SECOND), "kat"),
       CatalyticActivity.class);

   // ////////////////////////////
   // SI DERIVED PRODUCT UNITS //
   // ////////////////////////////

   /**
    * The SI unit for speed quantities (standard name <code>m/s</code>).
    */
   public static final Unit<Speed> METRE_PER_SECOND = addUnit(new ProductUnit<Speed>(METRE.divide(SECOND)), Speed.class);

   /**
    * The SI unit for acceleration quantities (standard name <code>m/s2</code> ).
    */
   public static final Unit<Acceleration> METRE_PER_SQUARE_SECOND = addUnit(new ProductUnit<Acceleration>(METRE_PER_SECOND.divide(SECOND)),
       Acceleration.class);

   /**
    * The SI unit for area quantities (standard name <code>m2</code>).
    */
   public static final Unit<Area> SQUARE_METRE = addUnit(new ProductUnit<Area>(METRE.multiply(METRE)), Area.class);

   /**
    * The SI unit for volume quantities (standard name <code>m3</code>).
    */
   public static final Unit<Volume> CUBIC_METRE = addUnit(new ProductUnit<Volume>(SQUARE_METRE.multiply(METRE)), Volume.class);

   /**
    * A unit of Speed expressing the number of international {@link #KILOMETRE kilometres} per {@link #HOUR hour} (abbreviation <code>km/h</code>).
    */
   public static final Unit<Speed> KILOMETRE_PER_HOUR = addUnit(METRE_PER_SECOND.multiply(0.277778d)).asType(Speed.class);

   /**
    * The SI unit for luminous flux (standard name <code>lm</code>). One Lumen is equal to the amount of light given out through a solid angle by a
    * source of one candela intensity radiating equally in all directions.
    */
   public static final Unit<LuminousFlux> LUMEN = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<LuminousFlux>(CANDELA.multiply(STERADIAN), "lm"), LuminousFlux.class);

   /**
    * The SI unit for illuminance (standard name <code>lx</code>). One Lux is equal to one lumen per square metre.
    */
   public static final Unit<Illuminance> LUX = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<Illuminance>(LUMEN.divide(METRE.pow(2)), "lx"), Illuminance.class);

   // ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
   // Units outside the SI that are accepted for use with the SI. //
   // ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

   /**
    * A dimensionless unit accepted for use with SI units (standard name <code>%</code>).
    */
   public static final Unit<Dimensionless> PERCENT = new TransformedUnit<Dimensionless>(AbstractUnit.ONE, new RationalConverter(1, 100));

   /**
    * A volume unit accepted for use with SI units (standard name <code>l</code>).
    *
    * @see <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litre"> Wikipedia: Litre</a>
    */
   public static final Unit<Volume> LITRE = AbstractSystemOfUnits.Helper.addUnit(INSTANCE.UNITS, new TransformedUnit<Volume>(CUBIC_METRE,
       new RationalConverter(1, 1000)), "Litre", "l");

   // ////////
   // Time //
   // ////////

   /**
    * A time unit accepted for use with SI units (standard name <code>min</code>).
    */
   public static final Unit<Time> MINUTE = new TransformedUnit<Time>(SECOND, RationalConverter.of(60, 1), "min");

   /**
    * A time unit accepted for use with SI units (standard name <code>h</code> ).
    */
   public static final Unit<Time> HOUR = new TransformedUnit<Time>(SECOND, RationalConverter.of(60 * 60, 1), "h");

   /**
    * A time unit accepted for use with SI units (standard name <code>d</code> ).
    */
   public static final Unit<Time> DAY = new TransformedUnit<Time>(SECOND, RationalConverter.of(24 * 60 * 60, 1), "d");

   /**
    * A unit of duration equal to 7 {@link #DAY} (standard name <code>week</code>).
    */
   public static final Unit<Time> WEEK = addUnit(DAY.multiply(7));

   /**
    * A time unit accepted for use with SI units (standard name <code>y</code> ).
    */
   public static final Unit<Time> YEAR = addUnit(Units.DAY.multiply(365.2525));
   // using Gregorian year instead of Julian (365.25)

   static {
     // have to add AbstractUnit.ONE as Dimensionless, too
     addUnit(AbstractUnit.ONE);
     INSTANCE.quantityToUnit.put(Dimensionless.class, AbstractUnit.ONE);
   }

   // ///////////////////
   // Collection View //
   // ///////////////////

   @Override
   public String getName() {
     return SYSTEM_NAME;
   }

   /**
    * Returns the unique instance of this class.
    *
    * @return the Imperial instance.
    */
   public static SystemOfUnits getInstance() {
     return INSTANCE;
   }

   /**
    * Adds a new unit not mapped to any specified quantity type.
    *
    * @param unit
    *          the unit being added.
    * @return <code>unit</code>.
    */
   protected static <U extends Unit<?>> U addUnit(U unit) {
     INSTANCE.UNITS.add(unit);
     return unit;
   }

   /**
    * Adds a new unit and maps it to the specified quantity type.
    *
    * @param unit
    *          the unit being added.
    * @param type
    *          the quantity type.
    * @return <code>unit</code>.
    */
   private static <U extends AbstractUnit<?>> U addUnit(U unit, Class<? extends Quantity<?>> type) {
     INSTANCE.UNITS.add(unit);
     INSTANCE.quantityToUnit.put(type, unit);
     return unit;
   }

   /**
    * Adds a new unit not mapped to any specified quantity type and puts a text as symbol or label.
    *
    * @param unit
    *          the unit being added.
    * @param name
    *          the string to use as name
    * @param text
    *          the string to use as label or symbol
    * @param isLabel
    *          if the string should be used as a label or not
    * @return <code>unit</code>.
    */
   /*
   private static <U extends Unit<?>> U addUnit(U unit, String name, String text, boolean isLabel) {
     if (isLabel) {
       SimpleUnitFormat.getInstance().label(unit, text);
     }
     if (name != null && unit instanceof AbstractUnit) {
       return Helper.addUnit(INSTANCE.units, unit, name);
     } else {
       INSTANCE.units.add(unit);
     }
     return unit;
   }
   */
   /**
    * Adds a new unit not mapped to any specified quantity type and puts a text as symbol or label.
    *
    * @param unit
    *          the unit being added.
    * @param text
    *          the string to use as label or symbol
    * @param isLabel
    *          if the string should be used as a label or not
    * @return <code>unit</code>.
    */
   // private static <U extends Unit<?>> U addUnit(U unit, String text) {
   // return addUnit(unit, null, text, true);
   // }
 }
	/**
	* Copyright (c) 2005, 2017, Werner Keil and others.
	* All rights reserved. This program and the accompanying materials
	* are made available under the terms of the Eclipse Public License v1.0
	* which accompanies this distribution, and is available at
	* http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html
	*
	* Contributors:
	* Werner Keil - initial API and implementation
	*/
	package org.eclipse.uomo.units.impl.system;

	import javax.measure.Quantity;
	import javax.measure.Unit;
	import javax.measure.quantity.Acceleration;
	import javax.measure.quantity.AmountOfSubstance;
	import javax.measure.quantity.Angle;
	import javax.measure.quantity.Area;
	import javax.measure.quantity.CatalyticActivity;
	import javax.measure.quantity.Dimensionless;
	import javax.measure.quantity.ElectricCapacitance;
	import javax.measure.quantity.ElectricCharge;
	import javax.measure.quantity.ElectricConductance;
	import javax.measure.quantity.ElectricCurrent;
	import javax.measure.quantity.ElectricInductance;
	import javax.measure.quantity.ElectricPotential;
	import javax.measure.quantity.ElectricResistance;
	import javax.measure.quantity.Energy;
	import javax.measure.quantity.Force;
	import javax.measure.quantity.Frequency;
	import javax.measure.quantity.Illuminance;
	import javax.measure.quantity.Length;
	import javax.measure.quantity.LuminousFlux;
	import javax.measure.quantity.LuminousIntensity;
	import javax.measure.quantity.MagneticFlux;
	import javax.measure.quantity.MagneticFluxDensity;
	import javax.measure.quantity.Mass;
	import javax.measure.quantity.Power;
	import javax.measure.quantity.Pressure;
	import javax.measure.quantity.RadiationDoseAbsorbed;
	import javax.measure.quantity.RadiationDoseEffective;
	import javax.measure.quantity.Radioactivity;
	import javax.measure.quantity.SolidAngle;
	import javax.measure.quantity.Speed;
	import javax.measure.quantity.Temperature;
	import javax.measure.quantity.Time;
	import javax.measure.quantity.Volume;
	import javax.measure.spi.SystemOfUnits;

	import org.eclipse.uomo.units.AbstractSystemOfUnits;
	import org.eclipse.uomo.units.AbstractUnit;
	import org.eclipse.uomo.units.impl.AlternateUnit;
	import org.eclipse.uomo.units.impl.BaseUnit;
	import org.eclipse.uomo.units.impl.ProductUnit;
	import org.eclipse.uomo.units.impl.QuantityDimension;
	import org.eclipse.uomo.units.impl.TransformedUnit;
	import org.eclipse.uomo.units.impl.converter.AddConverter;
	import org.eclipse.uomo.units.impl.converter.RationalConverter;

	import tec.uom.lib.common.function.Nameable;

	/**
	* <p>
	* This class defines commonly used units.
	*
	* @author <a href="mailto:units@catmedia.us">Werner Keil</a>
	* @version 1.0.4, July 30, 2017
	* @since 1.0
	*/
	public class Units extends AbstractSystemOfUnits implements Nameable {

	public static final String SYSTEM_NAME = "Units"; // This is for ME

	// compatibility, since
	// Class.getSimpleName()
	// isn't available.

	protected Units() {
	}

	private static final Units INSTANCE = new Units();

	// //////////////
	// BASE UNITS //
	// //////////////

	/**
	* The SI base unit for electric current quantities (standard name <code>A</code>). The Ampere is that constant current which, if maintained in two
	* straight parallel conductors of infinite length, of negligible circular cross-section, and placed 1 meter apart in vacuum, would produce between
	* these conductors a force equal to 2 * 10-7 newton per meter of length. It is named after the French physicist Andre Ampere (1775-1836).
	*/
	public static final Unit<ElectricCurrent> AMPERE = addUnit(new BaseUnit<ElectricCurrent>("A", QuantityDimension.ELECTRIC_CURRENT),
	ElectricCurrent.class);

	/**
	* The SI base unit for luminous intensity quantities (standard name <code>cd</code>). The candela is the luminous intensity, in a given direction,
	* of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 * 1012 hertz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per
	* steradian
	*
	* @see <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candela"> Wikipedia: Candela</a>
	*/
	public static final Unit<LuminousIntensity> CANDELA = addUnit(new BaseUnit<LuminousIntensity>("cd", QuantityDimension.LUMINOUS_INTENSITY),
	LuminousIntensity.class);

	/**
	* The SI base unit for thermodynamic temperature quantities (standard name <code>K</code>). The kelvin is the 1/273.16th of the thermodynamic
	* temperature of the triple point of water. It is named after the Scottish mathematician and physicist William Thomson 1st Lord Kelvin (1824-1907)
	*/
	public static final Unit<Temperature> KELVIN = addUnit(new BaseUnit<Temperature>("K", QuantityDimension.TEMPERATURE), Temperature.class);

	/**
	* The SI base unit for mass quantities (standard name <code>kg</code>). It is the only SI unit with a prefix as part of its name and symbol. The
	* kilogram is equal to the mass of an international prototype in the form of a platinum-iridium cylinder kept at Sevres in France.
	*
	* @see #GRAM
	*/
	public static final Unit<Mass> KILOGRAM = addUnit(new BaseUnit<Mass>("kg", QuantityDimension.MASS), Mass.class);

	/**
	* The SI base unit for length quantities (standard name <code>m</code>). One metre was redefined in 1983 as the distance traveled by light in a
	* vacuum in 1/299,792,458 of a second.
	*/
	public static final Unit<Length> METRE = addUnit(new BaseUnit<Length>("m", QuantityDimension.LENGTH), Length.class);

	/**
	* The SI base unit for amount of substance quantities (standard name <code>mol</code>). The mole is the amount of substance of a system which
	* contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012 kilogram of carbon 12.
	*/
	public static final Unit<AmountOfSubstance> MOLE = addUnit(new BaseUnit<AmountOfSubstance>("mol", QuantityDimension.AMOUNT_OF_SUBSTANCE),
	AmountOfSubstance.class);

	/**
	* The SI base unit for duration quantities (standard name <code>s</code>). It is defined as the duration of 9,192,631,770 cycles of radiation
	* corresponding to the transition between two hyperfine levels of the ground state of cesium (1967 Standard).
	*/
	public static final Unit<Time> SECOND = addUnit(new BaseUnit<Time>("s", QuantityDimension.TIME), Time.class);

	// //////////////////////////////
	// SI DERIVED ALTERNATE UNITS //
	// //////////////////////////////

	/**
	* The SI derived unit for mass quantities (standard name <code>g</code>). The base unit for mass quantity is {@link #KILOGRAM}.
	*/
	public static final Unit<Mass> GRAM = addUnit(KILOGRAM.divide(1000));

	/**
	* The SI unit for plane angle quantities (standard name <code>rad</code>). One radian is the angle between two radii of a circle such that the
	* length of the arc between them is equal to the radius.
	*/
	public static final Unit<Angle> RADIAN = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<Angle>(AbstractUnit.ONE, "rad"), Angle.class);

	/**
	* The SI unit for solid angle quantities (standard name <code>sr</code>). One steradian is the solid angle subtended at the center of a sphere by
	* an area on the surface of the sphere that is equal to the radius squared. The total solid angle of a sphere is 4*Pi steradians.
	*/
	public static final Unit<SolidAngle> STERADIAN = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<SolidAngle>(AbstractUnit.ONE, "sr"), SolidAngle.class);

	/**
	* The SI unit for frequency (standard name <code>Hz</code>). A unit of frequency equal to one cycle per second. After Heinrich Rudolf Hertz
	* (1857-1894), German physicist who was the first to produce radio waves artificially.
	*/
	public static final Unit<Frequency> HERTZ = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<Frequency>(AbstractUnit.ONE.divide(SECOND), "Hz"), Frequency.class);

	/**
	* The SI unit for force (standard name <code>N</code>). One newton is the force required to give a mass of 1 kilogram an Force of 1 metre per
	* second per second. It is named after the English mathematician and physicist Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727).
	*/
	public static final Unit<Force> NEWTON = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<Force>(METRE.multiply(KILOGRAM).divide(SECOND.pow(2)), "N"), Force.class);

	/**
	* The SI unit for pressure, stress (standard name <code>Pa</code>). One pascal is equal to one newton per square meter. It is named after the
	* French philosopher and mathematician Blaise Pascal (1623-1662).
	*/
	public static final Unit<Pressure> PASCAL = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<Pressure>(NEWTON.divide(METRE.pow(2)), "Pa"), Pressure.class);

	/**
	* The SI unit for energy, work, quantity of heat (<code>J</code>). One joule is the amount of work done when an applied force of 1 newton moves
	* through a distance of 1 metre in the direction of the force. It is named after the English physicist James Prescott Joule (1818-1889).
	*/
	public static final Unit<Energy> JOULE = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<Energy>(NEWTON.multiply(METRE), "J"), Energy.class);

	/**
	* The SI unit for power, radiant, flux (standard name <code>W</code>). One watt is equal to one joule per second. It is named after the British
	* scientist James Watt (1736-1819).
	*/
	public static final Unit<Power> WATT = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<Power>(JOULE.divide(SECOND), "W"), Power.class);

	/**
	* The SI unit for electric charge, quantity of electricity (standard name <code>C</code>). One Coulomb is equal to the quantity of charge
	* transferred in one second by a steady current of one ampere. It is named after the French physicist Charles Augustin de Coulomb (1736-1806).
	*/
	public static final Unit<ElectricCharge> COULOMB = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<ElectricCharge>(SECOND.multiply(AMPERE), "C"), ElectricCharge.class);

	/**
	* The SI unit for electric potential difference, electromotive force (standard name <code>V</code>). One Volt is equal to the difference of
	* electric potential between two points on a conducting wire carrying a constant current of one ampere when the power dissipated between the points
	* is one watt. It is named after the Italian physicist Count Alessandro Volta (1745-1827).
	*/
	public static final Unit<ElectricPotential> VOLT = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<ElectricPotential>(WATT.divide(AMPERE), "V"), ElectricPotential.class);

	/**
	* The SI unit for capacitance (standard name <code>F</code>). One Farad is equal to the capacitance of a capacitor having an equal and opposite
	* charge of 1 coulomb on each plate and a potential difference of 1 volt between the plates. It is named after the British physicist and chemist
	* Michael Faraday (1791-1867).
	*/
	public static final Unit<ElectricCapacitance> FARAD = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<ElectricCapacitance>(COULOMB.divide(VOLT), "F"),
	ElectricCapacitance.class);

	/**
	* The SI unit for electric resistance (standard name <code>Ohm</code>). One Ohm is equal to the resistance of a conductor in which a current of one
	* ampere is produced by a potential of one volt across its terminals. It is named after the German physicist Georg Simon Ohm (1789-1854).
	*/
	public static final Unit<ElectricResistance> OHM = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<ElectricResistance>(VOLT.divide(AMPERE), "Ω"),
	ElectricResistance.class);

	/**
	* The SI unit for electric conductance (standard name <code>S</code>). One Siemens is equal to one ampere per volt. It is named after the German
	* engineer Ernst Werner von Siemens (1816-1892).
	*/
	public static final Unit<ElectricConductance> SIEMENS = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<ElectricConductance>(AMPERE.divide(VOLT), "S"),
	ElectricConductance.class);

	/**
	* The SI unit for magnetic flux (standard name <code>Wb</code>). One Weber is equal to the magnetic flux that in linking a circuit of one turn
	* produces in it an electromotive force of one volt as it is uniformly reduced to zero within one second. It is named after the German physicist
	* Wilhelm Eduard Weber (1804-1891).
	*/
	public static final Unit<MagneticFlux> WEBER = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<MagneticFlux>(VOLT.multiply(SECOND), "Wb"), MagneticFlux.class);

	/**
	* The alternate unit for magnetic flux density (standard name <code>T</code>). One Tesla is equal equal to one weber per square metre. It is named
	* after the Serbian-born American electrical engineer and physicist Nikola Tesla (1856-1943).
	*/
	public static final Unit<MagneticFluxDensity> TESLA = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<MagneticFluxDensity>(WEBER.divide(METRE.pow(2)), "T"),
	MagneticFluxDensity.class);

	/**
	* The alternate unit for inductance (standard name <code>H</code>). One Henry is equal to the inductance for which an induced electromotive force
	* of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second. It is named after the American physicist Joseph Henry
	* (1791-1878).
	*/
	public static final Unit<ElectricInductance> HENRY = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<ElectricInductance>(WEBER.divide(AMPERE), "H"),
	ElectricInductance.class);

	/**
	* The SI unit for Celsius temperature (standard name <code>Cel</code>). This is a unit of temperature such as the freezing point of water (at one
	* atmosphere of pressure) is 0 Cel, while the boiling point is 100 Cel.
	*/
	public static final Unit<Temperature> CELSIUS = addUnit(new TransformedUnit<Temperature>(KELVIN, new AddConverter(273.15)));
	// Not mapping to Temperature since temperature is mapped to Kelvin.

	/**
	* The SI unit for activity of a radionuclide (standard name <code>Bq</code> ). One becquerel is the radiation caused by one disintegration per
	* second. It is named after the French physicist, Antoine-Henri Becquerel (1852-1908).
	*/
	public static final Unit<Radioactivity> BECQUEREL = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<Radioactivity>(AbstractUnit.ONE.divide(SECOND), "Bq"),
	Radioactivity.class);

	/**
	* The SI unit for absorbed dose, specific energy (imparted), kerma (standard name <code>Gy</code>). One gray is equal to the dose of one joule of
	* energy absorbed per one kilogram of matter. It is named after the British physician L. H. Gray (1905-1965).
	*/
	public static final Unit<RadiationDoseAbsorbed> GRAY = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<RadiationDoseAbsorbed>(JOULE.divide(KILOGRAM), "Gy"),
	RadiationDoseAbsorbed.class);

	/**
	* The SI unit for dose equivalent (standard name <code>Sv</code>). One Sievert is equal is equal to the actual dose, in grays, multiplied by a
	* "quality factor" which is larger for more dangerous forms of radiation. It is named after the Swedish physicist Rolf Sievert (1898-1966).
	*/
	public static final Unit<RadiationDoseEffective> SIEVERT = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<RadiationDoseEffective>(JOULE.divide(KILOGRAM), "Sv"),
	RadiationDoseEffective.class);

	/**
	* The SI unit for catalytic activity (standard name <code>kat</code>).
	*/
	public static final Unit<CatalyticActivity> KATAL = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<CatalyticActivity>(MOLE.divide(SECOND), "kat"),
	CatalyticActivity.class);

	// ////////////////////////////
	// SI DERIVED PRODUCT UNITS //
	// ////////////////////////////

	/**
	* The SI unit for speed quantities (standard name <code>m/s</code>).
	*/
	public static final Unit<Speed> METRE_PER_SECOND = addUnit(new ProductUnit<Speed>(METRE.divide(SECOND)), Speed.class);

	/**
	* The SI unit for acceleration quantities (standard name <code>m/s2</code> ).
	*/
	public static final Unit<Acceleration> METRE_PER_SQUARE_SECOND = addUnit(new ProductUnit<Acceleration>(METRE_PER_SECOND.divide(SECOND)),
	Acceleration.class);

	/**
	* The SI unit for area quantities (standard name <code>m2</code>).
	*/
	public static final Unit<Area> SQUARE_METRE = addUnit(new ProductUnit<Area>(METRE.multiply(METRE)), Area.class);

	/**
	* The SI unit for volume quantities (standard name <code>m3</code>).
	*/
	public static final Unit<Volume> CUBIC_METRE = addUnit(new ProductUnit<Volume>(SQUARE_METRE.multiply(METRE)), Volume.class);

	/**
	* A unit of Speed expressing the number of international {@link #KILOMETRE kilometres} per {@link #HOUR hour} (abbreviation <code>km/h</code>).
	*/
	public static final Unit<Speed> KILOMETRE_PER_HOUR = addUnit(METRE_PER_SECOND.multiply(0.277778d)).asType(Speed.class);

	/**
	* The SI unit for luminous flux (standard name <code>lm</code>). One Lumen is equal to the amount of light given out through a solid angle by a
	* source of one candela intensity radiating equally in all directions.
	*/
	public static final Unit<LuminousFlux> LUMEN = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<LuminousFlux>(CANDELA.multiply(STERADIAN), "lm"), LuminousFlux.class);

	/**
	* The SI unit for illuminance (standard name <code>lx</code>). One Lux is equal to one lumen per square metre.
	*/
	public static final Unit<Illuminance> LUX = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<Illuminance>(LUMEN.divide(METRE.pow(2)), "lx"), Illuminance.class);

	// ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
	// Units outside the SI that are accepted for use with the SI. //
	// ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

	/**
	* A dimensionless unit accepted for use with SI units (standard name <code>%</code>).
	*/
	public static final Unit<Dimensionless> PERCENT = new TransformedUnit<Dimensionless>(AbstractUnit.ONE, new RationalConverter(1, 100));

	/**
	* A volume unit accepted for use with SI units (standard name <code>l</code>).
	*
	* @see <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litre"> Wikipedia: Litre</a>
	*/
	public static final Unit<Volume> LITRE = AbstractSystemOfUnits.Helper.addUnit(INSTANCE.UNITS, new TransformedUnit<Volume>(CUBIC_METRE,
	new RationalConverter(1, 1000)), "Litre", "l");

	// ////////
	// Time //
	// ////////

	/**
	* A time unit accepted for use with SI units (standard name <code>min</code>).
	*/
	public static final Unit<Time> MINUTE = new TransformedUnit<Time>(SECOND, RationalConverter.of(60, 1), "min");

	/**
	* A time unit accepted for use with SI units (standard name <code>h</code> ).
	*/
	public static final Unit<Time> HOUR = new TransformedUnit<Time>(SECOND, RationalConverter.of(60 * 60, 1), "h");

	/**
	* A time unit accepted for use with SI units (standard name <code>d</code> ).
	*/
	public static final Unit<Time> DAY = new TransformedUnit<Time>(SECOND, RationalConverter.of(24 * 60 * 60, 1), "d");

	/**
	* A unit of duration equal to 7 {@link #DAY} (standard name <code>week</code>).
	*/
	public static final Unit<Time> WEEK = addUnit(DAY.multiply(7));

	/**
	* A time unit accepted for use with SI units (standard name <code>y</code> ).
	*/
	public static final Unit<Time> YEAR = addUnit(Units.DAY.multiply(365.2525));
	// using Gregorian year instead of Julian (365.25)

	static {
	// have to add AbstractUnit.ONE as Dimensionless, too
	addUnit(AbstractUnit.ONE);
	INSTANCE.quantityToUnit.put(Dimensionless.class, AbstractUnit.ONE);
	}

	// ///////////////////
	// Collection View //
	// ///////////////////

	@Override
	public String getName() {
	return SYSTEM_NAME;
	}

	/**
	* Returns the unique instance of this class.
	*
	* @return the Imperial instance.
	*/
	public static SystemOfUnits getInstance() {
	return INSTANCE;
	}

	/**
	* Adds a new unit not mapped to any specified quantity type.
	*
	* @param unit
	* the unit being added.
	* @return <code>unit</code>.
	*/
	protected static <U extends Unit<?>> U addUnit(U unit) {
	INSTANCE.UNITS.add(unit);
	return unit;
	}

	/**
	* Adds a new unit and maps it to the specified quantity type.
	*
	* @param unit
	* the unit being added.
	* @param type
	* the quantity type.
	* @return <code>unit</code>.
	*/
	private static <U extends AbstractUnit<?>> U addUnit(U unit, Class<? extends Quantity<?>> type) {
	INSTANCE.UNITS.add(unit);
	INSTANCE.quantityToUnit.put(type, unit);
	return unit;
	}

	/**
	* Adds a new unit not mapped to any specified quantity type and puts a text as symbol or label.
	*
	* @param unit
	* the unit being added.
	* @param name
	* the string to use as name
	* @param text
	* the string to use as label or symbol
	* @param isLabel
	* if the string should be used as a label or not
	* @return <code>unit</code>.
	*/
	/*
	private static <U extends Unit<?>> U addUnit(U unit, String name, String text, boolean isLabel) {
	if (isLabel) {
	SimpleUnitFormat.getInstance().label(unit, text);
	}
	if (name != null && unit instanceof AbstractUnit) {
	return Helper.addUnit(INSTANCE.units, unit, name);
	} else {
	INSTANCE.units.add(unit);
	}
	return unit;
	}
	*/
	/**
	* Adds a new unit not mapped to any specified quantity type and puts a text as symbol or label.
	*
	* @param unit
	* the unit being added.
	* @param text
	* the string to use as label or symbol
	* @param isLabel
	* if the string should be used as a label or not
	* @return <code>unit</code>.
	*/
	// private static <U extends Unit<?>> U addUnit(U unit, String text) {
	// return addUnit(unit, null, text, true);
	// }
	}