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   <title>Managing Jetty Base and Jetty Home</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/docbook.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1"><meta name="keywords" content="jetty, servlet, servlet-api, cometd, http, websocket, eclipse, maven, java, server, software"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="Jetty"><link rel="up" href="startup.html" title="Chapter&nbsp;9.&nbsp;Starting Jetty"><link rel="prev" href="start-jar.html" title="Using start.jar"><link rel="next" href="startup-classpath.html" title="Managing Server Classpath"><link xmlns:jfetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.JavaSourceFetchExtension" xmlns:fetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.SourceFetchExtension" xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:l="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/xmlns/l10n/1.0" xmlns:xslthl="http://xslthl.sf.net" xmlns:gcse="http://www.google.com" xmlns:date="http://exslt.org/dates-and-times" rel="shortcut icon" href="images/favicon.ico"><link rel="stylesheet" href="css/highlighter/foundation.css"><script src="js/highlight.pack.js"></script><script>
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            Version: 9.4.28-SNAPSHOT</span></td><td style="width: 50%"></td></tr></table><div xmlns:jfetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.JavaSourceFetchExtension" xmlns:fetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.SourceFetchExtension" xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:l="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/xmlns/l10n/1.0" xmlns:xslthl="http://xslthl.sf.net" xmlns:gcse="http://www.google.com" xmlns:date="http://exslt.org/dates-and-times" class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Managing Jetty Base and Jetty Home</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="start-jar.html"><i class="fa fa-chevron-left" aria-hidden="true"></i> Previous</a>&nbsp;</td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter&nbsp;9.&nbsp;Starting Jetty<br><a accesskey="p" href="index.html"><i class="fa fa-home" aria-hidden="true"></i> Home</a></th><td width="20%" align="right">&nbsp;<a accesskey="n" href="startup-classpath.html">Next <i class="fa fa-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div xmlns:jfetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.JavaSourceFetchExtension" xmlns:fetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.SourceFetchExtension" xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:l="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/xmlns/l10n/1.0" xmlns:xslthl="http://xslthl.sf.net" xmlns:gcse="http://www.google.com" xmlns:date="http://exslt.org/dates-and-times" class="jetty-callout"><h5 class="callout"><a href="http://www.webtide.com/">Contact the core Jetty developers at
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      </p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="startup-base-and-home"></a>Managing Jetty Base and Jetty Home</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="section"><a href="startup-base-and-home.html#demo-base">Demo-Base in the Jetty Distribution</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="startup-base-and-home.html#_declaring_jetty_base">Declaring Jetty Base</a></span></dt></dl></div><p>Instead of managing multiple Jetty implementations out of several different distribution locations, it is possible to maintain a separation between the binary installation of the standalone Jetty (known as <code class="literal">${jetty.home}</code>), and the customizations for your specific environment(s) (known as <code class="literal">${jetty.base}</code>).
In addition to easy management of multiple server instances, is allows for quick, drop-in upgrades of Jetty.
There should always only be <span class="strong"><strong>one</strong></span> Jetty Home (per version of Jetty), but there can be multiple Jetty Base directories that reference it.</p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">Jetty Base</span></dt><dd><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem">Also known as the <code class="literal">${jetty.base}</code> property.</li><li class="listitem">This is the location for your configurations and customizations to the Jetty distribution.</li></ul></div></dd><dt><span class="term">Jetty Home</span></dt><dd><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem">Also known as the <code class="literal">${jetty.home}</code> property.</li><li class="listitem">This is the location for the Jetty distribution binaries, default XML IoC configurations, and default module definitions.</li></ul></div></dd></dl></div><div class="blockquote"><blockquote class="blockquote"><div xmlns:jfetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.JavaSourceFetchExtension" xmlns:fetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.SourceFetchExtension" xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:l="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/xmlns/l10n/1.0" xmlns:xslthl="http://xslthl.sf.net" xmlns:gcse="http://www.google.com" xmlns:date="http://exslt.org/dates-and-times" class="important" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title"><i class="fa fa-plus" aria-hidden="true"></i> Important</h3><p>Jetty Home should always be treated as a standard of truth.
All configuration modifications, changes and additions should be made in the appropriate Jetty Base directory.</p></div></blockquote></div><p><a name="base-vs-home-resolution"></a>Potential configuration is resolved from these 2 directory locations.
When Jetty starts up in processes configuration from them as follows:</p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">Check Jetty Base First</span></dt><dd>If the referenced configuration exists, relative to the defined Jetty base, it is used.</dd><dt><span class="term">Check Jetty Home Second</span></dt><dd>If the referenced configuration exists, relative to the defined Jetty home, it is used.</dd><dt><span class="term">Use java.io.File(String pathname) Logic</span></dt><dd>Lastly, use the reference as a <code class="literal">java.io.File(String pathname)</code> reference, following the default resolution rules outlined by that constructor. In brief, the reference will be used as-is, be it relative (to current working directory, aka $\{user.dir}) or absolute path, or even network reference (such as on Windows and use of UNC paths).</dd></dl></div><p>For more details on how startup with start.jar works, see <a class="link" href="start-jar.html#executing-startjar" title="Executing start.jar">Using start.jar: Executing</a></p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="demo-base"></a>Demo-Base in the Jetty Distribution</h3></div></div></div><p>The Jetty Distribution comes with an example <code class="literal">${jetty.base}</code> which enables the various demonstration webapps and server configurations.</p><div class="screenexample"><pre class="screen">[jetty-distribution-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT]$ ls -la

total 496
drwxrwxr-x 11 user group   4096 Oct  8 15:23 ./
drwxr-xr-x 14 user group   4096 Oct  8 13:04 ../
drwxrwxr-x  2 user group   4096 Oct  8 06:54 bin/
drwxrwxr-x  6 user group   4096 Oct  8 06:54 demo-base/
drwxrwxr-x  2 user group   4096 Oct 11 15:14 etc/
drwxrwxr-x 11 user group   4096 Oct  8 06:54 lib/
-rw-rw-r--  1 user group  30012 Sep 30 19:55 license-eplv10-aslv20.html
drwxrwxr-x  2 user group   4096 Oct  8 06:54 logs/
drwxrwxr-x  2 user group   4096 Oct  8 06:54 modules/
-rw-rw-r--  1 user group   6262 Sep 30 19:55 notice.html
-rw-rw-r--  1 user group   1249 Sep 30 19:55 README.TXT
drwxrwxr-x  2 user group   4096 Oct  8 06:54 resources/
drwxrwxr-x  2 user group   4096 Oct  8 06:54 start.d/
-rw-rw-r--  1 user group   1780 Sep 30 19:55 start.ini
-rw-rw-r--  1 user group  71921 Sep 30 19:55 start.jar
-rw-rw-r--  1 user group 336468 Sep 30 19:55 VERSION.txt
drwxrwxr-x  2 user group   4096 Oct  8 06:54 webapps/

[jetty-distribution-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT]$ cd demo-base
[demo-base]$ java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar

2013-10-16 09:08:47.800:WARN::main: demo test-realm is deployed. DO NOT USE IN PRODUCTION!
2013-10-16 09:08:47.802:INFO:oejs.Server:main: jetty-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT
2013-10-16 09:08:47.817:INFO:oejdp.ScanningAppProvider:main: Deployment monitor [file:/home/user/jetty-distribution-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT/demo-base/webapps/] at interval 1
2013-10-16 09:08:48.072:WARN::main: async-rest webapp is deployed. DO NOT USE IN PRODUCTION!
...</pre></div><p>If you want to see what the Jetty base looks like without executing Jetty, you can simply list the configuration by using the <code class="literal">--list-config</code> command.</p><div class="screenexample"><pre class="screen">[demo-base]$ java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar --list-config

Java Environment:
-----------------
 java.home=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk-7u21-x64/jre
 java.vm.vendor = Oracle Corporation
 java.vm.version = 25.92-b14
 java.vm.name = Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM
 java.vm.info = mixed mode
 java.runtime.name = Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment
 java.runtime.version = 1.8.0_92-b14
 java.io.tmpdir = /var/folders/h6/yb_lbnnn11g0y1jjlvqg631h0000gn/T/
 user.dir = /home/user/jetty-distribution-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT
 user.language = en
 user.country = US

Jetty Environment:
-----------------
 jetty.home=/home/user/jetty-distribution-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT
 jetty.tag.version = master
 jetty.base=/home/user/jetty-distribution-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT/demo-base
 jetty.version=9.4.28-SNAPSHOT

 Config Search Order:
 --------------------
  &lt;command-line&gt;
  ${jetty.base} -&gt; /home/user/jetty-distribution-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT/demo-base
  ${jetty.home} -&gt; /home/user/Desktop/jetty-distribution-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT

JVM Arguments:
--------------
 (no jvm args specified)

System Properties:
------------------
 jetty.base = /home/user/jetty-distribution-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT/demo-base
 jetty.home = /home/user/jetty-distribution-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT

Properties:
-----------
 demo.realm = etc/realm.properties
 https.port = 8443
 https.timeout = 30000
 jaas.login.conf = etc/login.conf
 jetty.dump.start = false
 jetty.dump.stop = false
 jetty.keymanager.password = OBF:1u2u1wml1z7s1z7a1wnl1u2g
 jetty.keystore = etc/keystore
 jetty.keystore.password = OBF:1vny1zlo1x8e1vnw1vn61x8g1zlu1vn4
 jetty.http.port = 8080
 jetty.secure.port = 8443
 jetty.truststore = etc/keystore
 jetty.truststore.password = OBF:1vny1zlo1x8e1vnw1vn61x8g1zlu1vn4
 org.eclipse.jetty.websocket.jsr356 = false
 threads.max = 200
 threads.min = 10
 threads.timeout = 60000

Jetty Server Classpath:
-----------------------
Version Information on 42 entries in the classpath.
Note: order presented here is how they would appear on the classpath.
      changes to the --module=name command line options will be reflected here.
 0:          9.4.28-SNAPSHOT | ${jetty.home}/lib/jetty-client-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT.jar
 1:      1.4.1.v201005082020 | ${jetty.base}/lib/ext/javax.mail.glassfish-1.4.1.v201005082020.jar
 2:          9.4.28-SNAPSHOT | ${jetty.base}/lib/ext/test-mock-resources-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT.jar
 3:                    (dir) | ${jetty.home}/resources
 4:                    3.1.0 | ${jetty.home}/lib/servlet-api-3.1.jar
 5:                  3.1.RC0 | ${jetty.home}/lib/jetty-schemas-3.1.jar
 6:          9.4.28-SNAPSHOT | ${jetty.home}/lib/jetty-http-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT.jar
 7:          9.4.28-SNAPSHOT | ${jetty.home}/lib/jetty-continuation-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT.jar
 8:          9.4.28-SNAPSHOT | ${jetty.home}/lib/jetty-server-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT.jar
 9:          9.4.28-SNAPSHOT | ${jetty.home}/lib/jetty-xml-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT.jar
10:          9.4.28-SNAPSHOT | ${jetty.home}/lib/jetty-util-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT.jar
11:          9.4.28-SNAPSHOT | ${jetty.home}/lib/jetty-io-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT.jar
12:          9.4.28-SNAPSHOT | ${jetty.home}/lib/jetty-jaas-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT.jar
13:          9.4.28-SNAPSHOT | ${jetty.home}/lib/jetty-jndi-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT.jar
14:      1.1.0.v201105071233 | ${jetty.home}/lib/jndi/javax.activation-1.1.0.v201105071233.jar
15:      1.4.1.v201005082020 | ${jetty.home}/lib/jndi/javax.mail.glassfish-1.4.1.v201005082020.jar
16:                      1.3 | ${jetty.home}/lib/jndi/javax.transaction-api-1.3.jar
17:          9.4.28-SNAPSHOT | ${jetty.home}/lib/jetty-rewrite-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT.jar
18:          9.4.28-SNAPSHOT | ${jetty.home}/lib/jetty-security-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT.jar
19:          9.4.28-SNAPSHOT | ${jetty.home}/lib/jetty-servlet-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT.jar
20:                    3.0.0 | ${jetty.home}/lib/jsp/javax.el-3.0.0.jar
21:      1.2.0.v201105211821 | ${jetty.home}/lib/jsp/javax.servlet.jsp.jstl-1.2.0.v201105211821.jar
22:                    2.3.2 | ${jetty.home}/lib/jsp/javax.servlet.jsp-2.3.2.jar
23:                    2.3.1 | ${jetty.home}/lib/jsp/javax.servlet.jsp-api-2.3.1.jar
24:                    2.3.3 | ${jetty.home}/lib/jsp/jetty-jsp-jdt-2.3.3.jar
25:      1.2.0.v201112081803 | ${jetty.home}/lib/jsp/org.apache.taglibs.standard.glassfish-1.2.0.v201112081803.jar
26:   3.8.2.v20130121-145325 | ${jetty.home}/lib/jsp/org.eclipse.jdt.core-3.8.2.v20130121.jar
27:          9.4.28-SNAPSHOT | ${jetty.home}/lib/jetty-plus-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT.jar
28:          9.4.28-SNAPSHOT | ${jetty.home}/lib/jetty-webapp-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT.jar
29:          9.4.28-SNAPSHOT | ${jetty.home}/lib/jetty-annotations-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT.jar
30:                      4.1 | ${jetty.home}/lib/annotations/asm-4.1.jar
31:                      4.1 | ${jetty.home}/lib/annotations/asm-commons-4.1.jar
32:                      1.2 | ${jetty.home}/lib/annotations/javax.annotation-api-1.2.jar
33:          9.4.28-SNAPSHOT | ${jetty.home}/lib/jetty-deploy-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT.jar
34:                      1.0 | ${jetty.home}/lib/websocket/javax.websocket-api-1.0.jar
35:          9.4.28-SNAPSHOT | ${jetty.home}/lib/websocket/javax-websocket-client-impl-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT.jar
36:          9.4.28-SNAPSHOT | ${jetty.home}/lib/websocket/javax-websocket-server-impl-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT.jar
37:          9.4.28-SNAPSHOT | ${jetty.home}/lib/websocket/websocket-api-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT.jar
38:          9.4.28-SNAPSHOT | ${jetty.home}/lib/websocket/websocket-client-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT.jar
39:          9.4.28-SNAPSHOT | ${jetty.home}/lib/websocket/websocket-common-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT.jar
40:          9.4.28-SNAPSHOT | ${jetty.home}/lib/websocket/websocket-server-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT.jar
41:          9.4.28-SNAPSHOT | ${jetty.home}/lib/websocket/websocket-servlet-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT.jar

Jetty Active XMLs:
------------------
 ${jetty.home}/etc/jetty.xml
 ${jetty.home}/etc/jetty-webapp.xml
 ${jetty.home}/etc/jetty-plus.xml
 ${jetty.home}/etc/jetty-annotations.xml
 ${jetty.home}/etc/jetty-deploy.xml
 ${jetty.home}/etc/jetty-http.xml
 ${jetty.home}/etc/jetty-ssl.xml
 ${jetty.home}/etc/jetty-ssl-context.xml
 ${jetty.home}/etc/jetty-https.xml
 ${jetty.home}/etc/jetty-jaas.xml
 ${jetty.home}/etc/jetty-rewrite.xml
 ${jetty.base}/etc/demo-rewrite-rules.xml
 ${jetty.base}/etc/test-realm.xml</pre></div><p>The <code class="literal">--list-config</code> command line option displays what the configuration will look like when starting Jetty.
This includes information on the Java environment to the system properties, the classpath and the Active Jetty IoC XML used to build up the Jetty server configuration.</p><p>Of note, is that the output will make it known where the configuration elements came from, be it in either in <code class="literal">${jetty.home}</code> or <code class="literal">${jetty.base}</code>.</p><p>If you look at the <code class="literal">${jetty.base}/start.ini</code> you will see a layout similar to below.</p><div class="screenexample"><pre class="screen">[my-base]$ cat start.ini

# Enable security via jaas, and configure it
--module=jaas
jaas.login.conf=etc/login.conf

# Enable rewrite examples
--module=rewrite
etc/demo-rewrite-rules.xml

# Websocket chat examples needs websocket enabled
# Don't start for all contexts (set to true in test.xml context)
org.eclipse.jetty.websocket.jsr356=false
--module=websocket

# Create and configure the test realm
etc/test-realm.xml
demo.realm=etc/realm.properties

# Initialize module server
--module=server
threads.min=10
threads.max=200
threads.timeout=60000
jetty.dump.start=false
jetty.dump.stop=false

--module=deploy
--module=jsp
--module=ext
--module=resources
--module=client
--module=annotations</pre></div><p>In this example, <code class="literal">${jetty.base}/start.ini</code> is the main startup configuration entry point for Jetty.
You will see that we are enabling a few modules for Jetty, specifying some properties, and also referencing some Jetty IoC XML files (namely the <code class="literal">etc/demo-rewrite-rules.xml</code> and <code class="literal">etc/test-realm.xml</code> files)</p><p>When Jetty&#8217;s <code class="literal">start.jar</code> resolves the entries in the <code class="literal">start.ini</code>, it will follow the <a class="link" href="startup-base-and-home.html#base-vs-home-resolution">resolution rules above</a>.</p><p>For example, the reference to <code class="literal">etc/demo-rewrite-rules.xml</code> was found in <code class="literal">${jetty.base}/etc/demo-rewrite-rules.xml</code>.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="_declaring_jetty_base"></a>Declaring Jetty Base</h3></div></div></div><p>The Jetty distribution&#8217;s <code class="literal">start.jar</code> is the component that manages the behavior of this separation.</p><p>The Jetty <code class="literal">start.jar</code> and XML files always assume that both <code class="literal">${jetty.home}</code> and <code class="literal">${jetty.base}</code> are defined when starting Jetty.</p><p>You can opt to manually define the <code class="literal">${jetty.home}</code> and <code class="literal">${jetty.base}</code> directories, such as this:</p><div class="screenexample"><pre class="screen">[jetty-distribution-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT]$ pwd
/home/user/jetty-distribution-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT

[jetty-distribution-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT]$ java -jar start.jar \
    jetty.home=/home/user/jetty-distribution-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT \
    jetty.base=/home/user/my-base

2013-10-16 09:08:47.802:INFO:oejs.Server:main: jetty-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT
2013-10-16 09:08:47.817:INFO:oejdp.ScanningAppProvider:main: Deployment monitor [file:/home/user/my-base/webapps/] at interval 1
...</pre></div><p>Alternately, you can declare one directory and let the other one be discovered.</p><p>The following example uses default discovery of <code class="literal">${jetty.home}</code> by using the parent directory of wherever <code class="literal">start.jar</code> itself is, and a manual declaration of <code class="literal">${jetty.base}</code>.</p><div class="screenexample"><pre class="screen">[jetty-distribution-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT]$ pwd
/home/user/jetty-distribution-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT

[jetty-distribution-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT]$ java -jar start.jar jetty.base=/home/user/my-base

2013-10-16 09:08:47.802:INFO:oejs.Server:main: jetty-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT
2013-10-16 09:08:47.817:INFO:oejdp.ScanningAppProvider:main: Deployment monitor [file:/home/user/my-base/webapps/] at interval 1
...</pre></div><p>But Jetty recommends that you always start Jetty from the directory that is your <code class="literal">${jetty.base}</code> and starting Jetty by referencing
the <code class="literal">start.jar</code> in your <code class="literal">{$jetty.home}</code> remotely.</p><p>The following demonstrates this by allowing default discovery of <code class="literal">${jetty.home}</code> via locating the <code class="literal">start.jar</code>, and using the <code class="literal">user.dir</code> System Property for <code class="literal">${jetty.base}</code>.</p><div class="screenexample"><pre class="screen">[jetty-distribution-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT]$ pwd
/home/user/jetty-distribution-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT

[jetty-distribution-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT]$ cd /home/user/my-base
[my-base]$ java -jar /home/user/jetty-distribution-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT/start.jar

2013-10-16 09:08:47.802:INFO:oejs.Server:main: jetty-9.4.28-SNAPSHOT
2013-10-16 09:08:47.817:INFO:oejdp.ScanningAppProvider:main: Deployment monitor [file:/home/user/my-base/webapps/] at interval 1
...</pre></div><div class="blockquote"><blockquote class="blockquote"><div xmlns:jfetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.JavaSourceFetchExtension" xmlns:fetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.SourceFetchExtension" xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:l="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/xmlns/l10n/1.0" xmlns:xslthl="http://xslthl.sf.net" xmlns:gcse="http://www.google.com" xmlns:date="http://exslt.org/dates-and-times" class="important" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title"><i class="fa fa-plus" aria-hidden="true"></i> Important</h3><p>Be aware of the <code class="literal">user.dir</code> system property, as it can only be safely set when the JVM starts and many 3rd party libraries (especially logging) use this system property.
It is strongly recommended that you sit in the directory that is your desired <code class="literal">${jetty.base}</code> when starting Jetty to have consistent behavior and use of the <code class="literal">user.dir</code> system property.</p></div></blockquote></div></div></div><script type="text/javascript">
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