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| <p>The <a href="https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardUno?setlang=en">Arduino Uno</a> is a popular platform for “physical computing” and first steps in embedded computing. |
| It is based on an 8-bit Atmega microcontroller and ships with a powerful hardware abstraction library. |
| Currently, the Mita Arduino Uno platform supports basic functionality, namely working with buttons and GPIO pins.</p> |
| |
| <h2 id="sensor-button-one-button">Sensor: button_one (Button)</h2> |
| |
| <h4 id="modalities">Modalities</h4> |
| |
| <table> |
| <thead> |
| <tr> |
| <td>Name</td> |
| <td>Description</td> |
| </tr> |
| </thead> |
| <tbody> |
| <tr> |
| <td><div class="highlight"><pre><b>is_pressed</b> : <span class="kt">bool</span></pre></div></td> |
| <td>True if the button is pressed in this very right moment. False otherwise.</td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| |
| <h4 id="events">Events</h4> |
| |
| <table> |
| <thead> |
| <tr> |
| <td>Name</td> |
| <td>Description</td> |
| </tr> |
| </thead> |
| <tbody> |
| <tr> |
| <td><div class="highlight"><pre><b>pressed</b></pre></div></td> |
| <td>Fires after the button was pressed.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td><div class="highlight"><pre><b>released</b></pre></div></td> |
| <td>Fires after the button was released.</td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| |
| <h2 id="sensor-button-two-button">Sensor: button_two (Button)</h2> |
| |
| <h4 id="modalities-1">Modalities</h4> |
| |
| <table> |
| <thead> |
| <tr> |
| <td>Name</td> |
| <td>Description</td> |
| </tr> |
| </thead> |
| <tbody> |
| <tr> |
| <td><div class="highlight"><pre><b>is_pressed</b> : <span class="kt">bool</span></pre></div></td> |
| <td>True if the button is pressed in this very right moment. False otherwise.</td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| |
| <h4 id="events-1">Events</h4> |
| |
| <table> |
| <thead> |
| <tr> |
| <td>Name</td> |
| <td>Description</td> |
| </tr> |
| </thead> |
| <tbody> |
| <tr> |
| <td><div class="highlight"><pre><b>pressed</b></pre></div></td> |
| <td>Fires after the button was pressed.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td><div class="highlight"><pre><b>released</b></pre></div></td> |
| <td>Fires after the button was released.</td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| |
| <h2 id="buses-gpio">Buses: GPIO</h2> |
| |
| <p>Can be used to write and read digital ports, as known from the Arduino Uno</p> |
| |
| <h3 id="signals">Signals</h3> |
| |
| <table> |
| <thead> |
| <tr> |
| <td>Name</td> |
| <td>Description</td> |
| <td>Parameters</td> |
| </tr> |
| </thead> |
| <tbody> |
| <tr> |
| <td><div class="highlight"><pre><b>pinMode</b> : <span class="kt">bool</span></pre></div></td> |
| <td></td> |
| <td> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre> <b>pin</b> : <span class="kt">LedColor</span></pre></div> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| |
| <p>##Example</p> |
| |
| <p>This example uses the first button connected to the hardware Pin 1 and two leds connected to pin 12 and 13. |
| The yellow led can get turned off by pressing the button one and turned off again by pressing the button again. |
| The red led will get turned on for one second and then turned off for one second.</p> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-TypeScript" data-lang="TypeScript"><span class="kr">package</span> <span class="nx">main</span><span class="p">;</span> |
| <span class="kr">import</span> <span class="nx">platforms</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arduino</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">uno</span><span class="p">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="nx">setup</span> <span class="nx">hmi</span> : <span class="kt">GPIO</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">yellow</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">pinMode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">p13</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">OUTPUT</span><span class="p">);</span> |
| <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">red</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">pinMode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">p12</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">OUTPUT</span><span class="p">);</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| |
| <span class="nx">every</span> <span class="nx">button_one</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">pressed</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">hmi</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">yellow</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">read</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nx">hmi</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">yellow</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">);</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nx">hmi</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">yellow</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">);</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| |
| <span class="nx">every</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="nx">second</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">hmi</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">red</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">read</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nx">hmi</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">red</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">);</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nx">hmi</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">red</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">);</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span></code></pre></div> |
| <p>##Interrupt controlled event loop</p> |
| |
| <p>Instead of using an event queue, as the XDK 110 does, we have implemented a control with boolean flags. |
| Each event, such as timed events or the pressed and released event, are captured in their own ISR. |
| Within the context of the ISR single flags will be set for each occurred event. |
| The flags will be handled in an endless loop, after the initialization of the Arduino Uno.</p> |
| |
| <p>In the example a flag will be used for the event of 1 second and the pressed event of the button_one.</p> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-TypeScript" data-lang="TypeScript"><span class="k">while</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">getHandleEvery1Second1_flag</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">){</span> |
| <span class="nx">setHandleEvery1Second1_flag</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">);</span> |
| <span class="nx">HandleEvery1Second1</span><span class="p">();</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">getHandleEveryButton_onePressed1_flag</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">){</span> |
| <span class="nx">setHandleEveryButton_onePressed1_flag</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">);</span> |
| <span class="nx">HandleEveryButton_onePressed1</span><span class="p">();</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span></code></pre></div> |
| <p>As mentioned before, the flags are set in the ISR:</p> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre class="chroma"><code class="language-TypeScript" data-lang="TypeScript"><span class="nx">ISR</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">INT1_vect</span><span class="p">){</span> |
| <span class="kr">volatile</span> <span class="kr">int</span> <span class="nx">oldState</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span> |
| <span class="kr">volatile</span> <span class="kr">int</span> <span class="nx">currentState</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span> |
| <span class="nx">oldState</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">PIND</span> <span class="o">&</span> <span class="nx">_BV</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">PIND3</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">></span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="nx">HIGH</span> : <span class="kt">LOW</span><span class="p">;</span> |
| <span class="c1">// delay for debounce could be placed here |
| </span><span class="c1"></span> <span class="nx">currentState</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">PIND</span> <span class="o">&</span> <span class="nx">_BV</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">PIND3</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">></span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="nx">HIGH</span> : <span class="kt">LOW</span><span class="p">;</span> |
| <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">LOW</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="nx">oldState</span> <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="nx">LOW</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="nx">currentState</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nx">ButtonTwoPressed</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">);</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">HIGH</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="nx">oldState</span> <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="nx">HIGH</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="nx">currentState</span><span class="p">){</span> |
| <span class="nx">ButtonTwoReleased</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">);</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span></code></pre></div> |
| <p>##How to use the Arduino Uno platform</p> |
| |
| <p>Mita-generated code for the Arduino platform requires a small runtime library which is located in the Arduino platform package /org.eclipse.mita.platform.arduino.uno/ArduinoMitaRuntime. To use this runtime, and to compile/flash the generated code, we have found the <a href="https://marketplace.eclipse.org/content/avr-eclipse-plugin">AVR Plugin</a> handy. We have listed the steps we use below:</p> |
| |
| <ul> |
| <li>Create a new C Project</li> |
| <li>Choose an AVR project</li> |
| <li>Set up the atmega 328p (Arduino Uno)</li> |
| <li>Add a new file with .mita extension</li> |
| <li>After creating a .mita file, a wizard will be opened to convert as the project as a Xtext project. Click on Yes. You also can edit the nature in the .project file.</li> |
| <li>Add Paths & Symbols (src-gen, base and folder, which contains the ArduinoMitaRuntime files). Therefore, right click the project and open the Properties. Open C/C++ Build and open Paths & Symbols.</li> |
| <li>Set up Programmer - can be found in the project properties under AVR</li> |
| <li>Create your application</li> |
| <li>Compile & flash</li> |
| </ul> |
| |
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| <div class="scrollable"> |
| <div class="wrapper"> |
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| var repo_id = ''; |
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| var li = document.createElement("li"); |
| li.setAttribute("class", "anchor"); |
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| var a = document.createElement("a"); |
| a.setAttribute("href", "#" + headers[i].id); |
| a.setAttribute("title", headers[i].innerHTML); |
| a.innerHTML = headers[i].innerHTML; |
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| li.appendChild(a) |
| scrollspy.appendChild(li); |
| } |
| } else { |
| scrollspy.parentElement.removeChild(scrollspy) |
| } |
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| /* Add permanent link next to the headers */ |
| var headers = document.querySelectorAll("h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6"); |
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| for(var i = 0; i < headers.length; i++) { |
| var a = document.createElement("a"); |
| a.setAttribute("class", "headerlink"); |
| a.setAttribute("href", "#" + headers[i].id); |
| a.setAttribute("title", "Permanent link") |
| a.innerHTML = "#"; |
| headers[i].appendChild(a); |
| } |
| } |
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