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    <a href="../xaggressive/" title="-Xaggressive" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xaggressive
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xalwaysclassgc/" title="-Xalwaysclassgc" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xalwaysclassgc
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xaot/" title="-Xaot" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xaot
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xargencoding/" title="-Xargencoding" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xargencoding
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xbootclasspath/" title="-Xbootclasspath" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xbootclasspath
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xceehdlr/" title="-XCEEHDLR" class="md-nav__link">
      -XCEEHDLR
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xcheck/" title="-Xcheck" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xcheck
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xclassgc/" title="-Xclassgc" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xclassgc
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xcodecache/" title="-Xcodecache" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xcodecache
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xcodecachetotal/" title="-Xcodecachetotal" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xcodecachetotal
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xcomp/" title="-Xcomp" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xcomp
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xcompactexplicitgc/" title="-Xcompactexplicitgc" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xcompactexplicitgc
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xcompactgc/" title="-Xcompactgc" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xcompactgc
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xcompilationthreads/" title="-XcompilationThreads" class="md-nav__link">
      -XcompilationThreads
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xcompressedrefs/" title="-Xcompressedrefs" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xcompressedrefs
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xconcurrentbackground/" title="-Xconcurrentbackground" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xconcurrentbackground
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xconcurrentlevel/" title="-Xconcurrentlevel" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xconcurrentlevel
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xconcurrentslack/" title="-Xconcurrentslack" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xconcurrentslack
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xconmeter/" title="-Xconmeter" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xconmeter
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xdiagnosticscollector/" title="-Xdiagnosticscollector" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xdiagnosticscollector
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xenableexcessivegc/" title="-Xdisableexcessivegc" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xdisableexcessivegc
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xenableexplicitgc/" title="-Xdisableexplicitgc" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xdisableexplicitgc
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xdisablejavadump/" title="-Xdisablejavadump" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xdisablejavadump
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xenablestringconstantgc/" title="-Xdisablestringconstantgc" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xdisablestringconstantgc
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xdump/" title="-Xdump" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xdump
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xenableexcessivegc/" title="-Xenableexcessivegc" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xenableexcessivegc
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xenableexplicitgc/" title="-Xenableexplicitgc" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xenableexplicitgc
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xenablestringconstantgc/" title="-Xenablestringconstantgc" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xenablestringconstantgc
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xfastresolve/" title="-Xfastresolve" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xfastresolve
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xfuture/" title="-Xfuture" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xfuture
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xgc/" title="-Xgc" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xgc
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xgcsplitheap/" title="-Xgc:splitheap" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xgc:splitheap
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xgcpolicy/" title="-Xgcpolicy" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xgcpolicy
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xgcthreads/" title="-Xgcthreads" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xgcthreads
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xgcworkpackets/" title="-Xgcworkpackets" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xgcworkpackets
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xifa/" title="-Xifa" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xifa
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xint/" title="-Xint" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xint
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xss/" title="-Xiss" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xiss
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xjit/" title="-Xjit" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xjit
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xjni/" title="-Xjni" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xjni
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xlinenumbers/" title="-Xlinenumbers" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xlinenumbers
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xloa/" title="-Xloa" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xloa
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xloaminimum/" title="-Xloainitial" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xloainitial
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xloaminimum/" title="-Xloamaximum" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xloamaximum
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xloaminimum/" title="-Xloaminimum" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xloaminimum
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xlockreservation/" title="-XlockReservation" class="md-nav__link">
      -XlockReservation
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xlockword/" title="-Xlockword" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xlockword
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xlog/" title="-Xlog" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xlog
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xlp/" title="-Xlp" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xlp
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xlpcodecache/" title="-Xlp:codecache" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xlp:codecache
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xlpobjectheap/" title="-Xlp:objectheap" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xlp:objectheap
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xmine/" title="-Xmaxe" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xmaxe
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xminf/" title="-Xmaxf" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xmaxf
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xmint/" title="-Xmaxt" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xmaxt
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xmca/" title="-Xmca" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xmca
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xmca/" title="-Xmco" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xmco
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xmcrs/" title="-Xmcrs" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xmcrs
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xmine/" title="-Xmine" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xmine
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xminf/" title="-Xminf" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xminf
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xmint/" title="-Xmint" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xmint
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xmn/" title="-Xmn" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xmn
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xmn/" title="-Xmns" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xmns
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xmn/" title="-Xmnx" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xmnx
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xmo/" title="-Xmo" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xmo
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xmo/" title="-Xmoi" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xmoi
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xmo/" title="-Xmos" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xmos
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xmo/" title="-Xmox" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xmox
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xmr/" title="-Xmr" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xmr
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xmr/" title="-Xmrx" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xmrx
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xms/" title="-Xms" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xms
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xmso/" title="-Xmso" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xmso
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xms/" title="-Xmx" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xmx
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xaot/" title="-Xnoaot" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xnoaot
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xclassgc/" title="-Xnoclassgc" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xnoclassgc
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xcompactexplicitgc/" title="-Xnocompactexplicitgc" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xnocompactexplicitgc
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xcompactgc/" title="-Xnocompactgc" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xnocompactgc
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xcompressedrefs/" title="-Xnocompressedrefs" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xnocompressedrefs
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xjit/" title="-Xnojit" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xnojit
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xlinenumbers/" title="-Xnolinenumbers" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xnolinenumbers
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xloa/" title="-Xnoloa" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xnoloa
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xsigcatch/" title="-Xnosigcatch" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xnosigcatch
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xsigchain/" title="-Xnosigchain" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xnosigchain
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xnumanone/" title="-Xnuma:none" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xnuma:none
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xoptionsfile/" title="-Xoptionsfile" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xoptionsfile
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xquickstart/" title="-Xquickstart" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xquickstart
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xrdbginfo/" title="-Xrdbginfo" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xrdbginfo
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xrs/" title="-Xrs" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xrs
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xsamplingexpirationtime/" title="-XsamplingExpirationTime" class="md-nav__link">
      -XsamplingExpirationTime
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xscdmx/" title="-Xscdmx" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xscdmx
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xscminaot/" title="-Xscmaxaot" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xscmaxaot
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xscminjitdata/" title="-Xscmaxjitdata" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xscmaxjitdata
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xscminaot/" title="-Xscminaot" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xscminaot
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xscminjitdata/" title="-Xscminjitdata" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xscminjitdata
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xscmx/" title="-Xscmx" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xscmx
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xshareclasses/" title="-Xshareclasses" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xshareclasses
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xsigcatch/" title="-Xsigcatch" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xsigcatch
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xsigchain/" title="-Xsigchain" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xsigchain
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xsignal/" title="-Xsignal" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xsignal
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xsoftmx/" title="-Xsoftmx" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xsoftmx
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xsoftrefthreshold/" title="-Xsoftrefthreshold" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xsoftrefthreshold
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xss/" title="-Xss" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xss
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xss/" title="-Xssi" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xssi
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xtgc/" title="-Xtgc" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xtgc
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xthr/" title="-Xthr" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xthr
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xtlhprefetch/" title="-XtlhPrefetch" class="md-nav__link">
      -XtlhPrefetch
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xtrace/" title="-Xtrace" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xtrace
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xtunevirtualized/" title="-Xtune:virtualized" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xtune:virtualized
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xverbosegclog/" title="-Xverbosegclog" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xverbosegclog
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xverify/" title="-Xverify" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xverify
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xzero/" title="-Xzero" class="md-nav__link">
      -Xzero
    </a>
  </li>

        
      </ul>
    </nav>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
    
      <input class="md-toggle md-nav__toggle" data-md-toggle="nav-9-6" type="checkbox" id="nav-9-6">
    
    <label class="md-nav__link" for="nav-9-6">
      JVM -XX: options
    </label>
    <nav class="md-nav" data-md-component="collapsible" data-md-level="2">
      <label class="md-nav__title" for="nav-9-6">
        JVM -XX: options
      </label>
      <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
        
        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xx_jvm_commands/" title="Using -XX options" class="md-nav__link">
      Using -XX options
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xxactiveprocessorcount/" title="-XXActiveProcessorCount" class="md-nav__link">
      -XXActiveProcessorCount
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xxallowvmshutdown/" title="-XXallowvmshutdown" class="md-nav__link">
      -XXallowvmshutdown
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xxcodecachetotal/" title="-XX:codecachetotal" class="md-nav__link">
      -XX:codecachetotal
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xxdisableexplicitgc/" title="-XX:[+|-]DisableExplicitGC" class="md-nav__link">
      -XX:[+|-]DisableExplicitGC
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xxdisclaimjitscratch/" title="-XX:[+|-]DisclaimJitScratch" class="md-nav__link">
      -XX:[+|-]DisclaimJitScratch
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xxenablecpumonitor/" title="-XX:[+|-]EnableCPUMonitor" class="md-nav__link">
      -XX:[+|-]EnableCPUMonitor
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xxhandlesigxfsz/" title="-XX:[+|-]handleSIGXFSZ" class="md-nav__link">
      -XX:[+|-]handleSIGXFSZ
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xxheapdumponoutofmemory/" title="-XX:[+|-]HeapDumpOnOutOfMemory" class="md-nav__link">
      -XX:[+|-]HeapDumpOnOutOfMemory
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xxheapdumppath/" title="-XX:HeapDumpPath" class="md-nav__link">
      -XX:HeapDumpPath
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xxheapmanagementmxbeancompatibility/" title="-XX:[+|-]HeapManagementMXBeanCompatibility" class="md-nav__link">
      -XX:[+|-]HeapManagementMXBeanCompatibility
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xxidletuningcompactonidle/" title="-XX:[+|-]IdleTuningCompactOnIdle" class="md-nav__link">
      -XX:[+|-]IdleTuningCompactOnIdle
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xxidletuninggconidle/" title="-XX:[+|-]IdleTuningGcOnIdle" class="md-nav__link">
      -XX:[+|-]IdleTuningGcOnIdle
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xxidletuningminfreeheaponidle/" title="-XX:IdleTuningMinFreeHeapOnIdle" class="md-nav__link">
      -XX:IdleTuningMinFreeHeapOnIdle
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xxidletuningminidlewaittime/" title="-XX:IdleTuningMinIdleWaitTime" class="md-nav__link">
      -XX:IdleTuningMinIdleWaitTime
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xxignoreunrecognizedvmoptions/" title="-XX:[+|-]IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions" class="md-nav__link">
      -XX:[+|-]IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions
    </a>
  </li>

        
  <li class="md-nav__item">
    <a href="../xxinitialrampercentage/" title="-XX:InitialRAMPercentage" class="md-nav__link">
      -XX:InitialRAMPercentage
    </a>
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<h1 id="eclipse-openj9">Eclipse OpenJ9</h1>
<p>OpenJ9 is a high performance, scalable, Java&trade; virtual machine (VM) implementation that is fully compliant with the <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/index.html">Java Virtual Machine Specification</a>.</p>
<p>At run time, the VM interprets the Java bytecode that is compiled by the Java compiler. The VM acts as a translator between the language and the underlying operating system and hardware. A Java program requires a specific VM to run on a particular platform, such as Linux&reg;, z/OS&reg;, or Windows&trade;.</p>
<p>This reference material provides information about the VM configuration and tuning options, together with the default settings.</p>
<h2 id="configuring-your-system">Configuring your system</h2>
<p>For normal operation, certain environment variables must be set at the operating system level. Depending on your system environment, you might also want to set other configuration options that allow the VM to exploit hardware and operating system features. Read <a href="https://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/SSYKE2_8.0.0/com.ibm.java.vm.80.doc/docs/j9_configure.html">Customizing your system</a> to learn more about the following options:</p>
<ul>
<li>Setting the PATH and CLASSPATH environment variable.</li>
<li>Setting the LIBPATH or LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable (AIX&reg; and Linux).</li>
<li>Setting ulimits on AIX and Linux systems to ensure that the operating system allocates sufficient resources for your application.</li>
<li>Setting region size, BPXPRM parameters, and Language Environment&reg; runtime options on z/OS systems.</li>
<li>If your application allocates a large amount of memory and frequently accesses that memory, you might want to enable large page support on your system. See <a href="https://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/SSYKE2_8.0.0/com.ibm.java.vm.80.doc/docs/j9_configure_large_page.html">Configuring large page memory allocation</a>.</li>
<li>Configuring Dynamic LPAR support on AIX systems.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="performance-tuning">Performance tuning</h2>
<p>OpenJ9 is configured to start with a set of default options that provide the optimal runtime environment for Java applications with typical workloads. However, if your application is atypical, you can improve performance by tuning the OpenJ9 VM. You can also improve performance by enabling hardware features or using specific APIs in your application code.</p>
<h3 id="garbage-collection-policies">Garbage collection policies</h3>
<p>OpenJ9 includes several garbage collection policies. To learn more about these policies and the types of application workload that can benefit from them, see <a href="../gc/">Garbage Collection</a>.</p>
<h3 id="class-data-sharing">Class data sharing</h3>
<p>You can share class data between running VMs, which can reduce the startup time for a VM once the cache has been created. For more information, see <a href="../shrc/">Class Data Sharing</a>.</p>
<h3 id="native-data-operations">Native data operations</h3>
<p>If your Java application manipulates native data, consider writing your application to take advantage of methods in the Data Access Accelerator API.</p>
<h3 id="cloud-optimizations">Cloud optimizations</h3>
<p>To improve the performance of applications that run in containers, try setting the following tuning options:</p>
<ul>
<li>Use a shared classes cache (<code>-Xshareclasses -XX:SharedCacheHardLimit=200m -Xscmx60m</code>) with Ahead-Of-Time (AOT) compilation to improve your startup time. For more information, see <a href="../shrc/">Class Data Sharing</a> and <a href="../aot/">AOT Compiler</a>.</li>
<li>Use the <a href="xtunevirtualized">-Xtune:virtualized</a> option, which configures OpenJ9 for typical cloud deployments where VM guests are provisioned with a small number of virtual CPUs to maximize the number of applications that can be run. When enabled, OpenJ9 adapts its internal processes to reduce the amount of CPU consumed and trim down the memory footprint. These changes come at the expense of only a small loss in throughput.</li>
</ul>
<p>The OpenJ9 VM automatically detects when it is running in a docker container and uses a mechanism to detect when the VM is idle. When an idle state is detected, OpenJ9 runs a garbage collection cycle and releases free memory pages back to the operating system. The object heap is also compacted to make best use of the available memory for further application processing. For cloud services that charge based on memory usage, maintaining a small footprint can generate cost savings. For more information about tuning options that control this process, see <a href="../xxidletuningminidlewaittime/">-XX:IdleTuningMinIdleWaitTime</a>.</p>
<h3 id="cryptographic-operations">Cryptographic operations</h3>
<p>OpenJDK uses the in-built Java cryptographic implementation by default. However, native cryptographic implementations
typically provide better performance. OpenSSL is a native open source cryptographic toolkit for Transport Layer Security (TLS) and
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocols, which is well established and used with many enterprise applications. The OpenSSL V1.1.x implementation is
currently supported for the Digest, CBC, and GCM algorithms.</p>
<p>OpenSSL support is enabled by default for all three supported algorithms. If you want to limit support to one or two of these algorithms, a number of
system properties are available for tuning the implementation.</p>
<p>Each algorithm can be disabled individually by setting the following system properties on the command line:</p>
<ul>
<li>To turn off <strong>digest</strong>, set <code>-Djdk.nativeDigest=false</code></li>
<li>To turn off <strong>CBC</strong>, set <code>-Djdk.nativeCBC=false</code></li>
<li>To turn off <strong>GCM</strong>, set <code>-Djdk.nativeGCM=false</code></li>
</ul>
<p>You can turn off all three algorithms by setting the following system property on the command line:</p>
<div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span>-Djdk.nativeCrypto=false
</pre></div>


<p>To build a version of OpenJDK with OpenJ9 that includes OpenSSL v1.1.x support, follow the steps in our detailed build instructions:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://github.com/eclipse/openj9/blob/master/doc/build-instructions/Build_Instructions_V8.md">OpenJDK 8 with OpenJ9</a>.</li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/eclipse/openj9/blob/master/doc/build-instructions/Build_Instructions_V11.md">OpenJDK 11 with OpenJ9</a>.</li>
</ul>
<p><i class="fa fa-pencil-square-o" aria-hidden="true"></i> <strong>Note:</strong> If you obtain an OpenJDK with OpenJ9 build from <a href="https://adoptopenjdk.net/">AdoptOpenJDK</a> that includes OpenSSL v1.1.x or build a version yourself that includes OpenSSL v1.1.x support, the following acknowledgements apply in accordance with the license terms:</p>
<ul>
<li><em>This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit. (http://www.openssl.org/).</em></li>
<li><em>This product includes cryptographic software written by Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com).</em></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="runtime-options">Runtime options</h2>
<p>Runtime options are specified on the command line and include system properties, standard options, nonstandard (<strong>-X</strong>) options, and <strong>-XX</strong> options. For a detailed list of runtime options, see <a href="../cmdline_specifying/">OpenJ9 command-line options</a></p>
<h2 id="default-settings">Default settings</h2>
<p>If you do not specify any options on the command line at run time, the OpenJ9 VM starts with default settings that define how it operates. For more information about these settings, see <a href="../openj9_defaults/">Default settings for the OpenJ9 VM</a>.</p>
<h2 id="troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</h2>
<p>The OpenJ9 diagnostic component contains extensive features to assist with problem determination. Diagnostic data is produced under default conditions, but can also be controlled by starting the VM with the <a href="../xdump/">-Xdump option</a> or using the <code>com.ibm.jvm.Dump</code> API. You can also trace Java applications, methods, and VM operations by using the <a href="../xtrace/">-Xtrace option</a>.</p>
<p>To get started, read <a href="../diag_overview/">Diagnostic tools and data</a>.</p>
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