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| <h1>Telemetry end-to-end</h1> |
| <p class="lead">A package showing telemetry data acquisition end-to-end: Microcontroller firmware to cloud side data processing, using Drogue IoT and Apache Kafka in the process.</p></div> |
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| <p>This example involved a few components. “Just” to get a temperature reading. Can’t this be done in a simpler way?</p> |
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| <p>Yes. However, please don’t forget that this is a showcase of Eclipse IoT technologies. So we are not aiming for a |
| minimalistic architecture. But beside that, still every component in this architecture fulfills an important |
| functionality. Read on, to learn what the different components do to get a better understand why they are needed.</p> |
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| <h2 id="the-sensor">The sensor</h2> |
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| <p class="lead"> |
| The Drogue Device based firmware acquires the actual value and makes it available using a low power wireless protocol. |
| </p> |
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| <p>The firmware in the sensor periodically takes a reading of the internal temperature sensor. That value may not be |
| very accurate, as the board heats up when it is powered, but it still makes a nice value to play with as it only |
| changes slowly, but you still can influence it.</p> |
| |
| <p>Also does the firmware announce itself using Bluetooth. And once someone connects, it provides the temperature |
| information using the GATT profile.</p> |
| |
| <h2 id="the-iot-gateway">The IoT gateway</h2> |
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| <p class="lead"> |
| Eclipse Kura acts as the IoT gateway, bridging the local Bluetooth network with the global TCP/IP based IoT network. |
| </p> |
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| <p>Part of this general purpose IoT gateway is a small application, which makes use of the Bluetooth services, provided |
| by the gateway’s software framework, to scan for devices and read their data.</p> |
| |
| <p>Once it finds the micro:bit, it will connect and start reading out the temperature information automatically. |
| The data which is read is then handed over to the cloud connector, which is also provided by the gateway’s |
| software stack.</p> |
| |
| <p>The connector is connected to cloud side MQTT endpoint. When the bluetooth application inside the gateway |
| provides an update, the cloud service delivers that to the MQTT cloud endpoint. That service will also perform a |
| re-connect when necessary, and buffer data should the connection be disrupted.</p> |
| |
| <h2 id="iot-ingress">IoT ingress</h2> |
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| <p class="lead"> |
| Drogue Cloud provides the IoT specific endpoints, normalizing the protocol layer in the process. |
| </p> |
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| <p>Drogue cloud provides the MQTT endpoint, which accepts the connection coming in from the Kura cloud connector. It |
| authenticates the device and then waits for it to publish messages.</p> |
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| <p>When a message is received, it will wrap its payload into a Cloud Event structure, and forward it to the Apache Kafka |
| topic of the application.</p> |
| |
| <h2 id="digital-twin">Digital twin</h2> |
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| <p class="lead"> |
| Eclipse Ditto implements the digital twin, and normalizes the data structure coming in from Drogue Cloud. |
| </p> |
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| <p>It is connected to the application specific Kafka topic on the Drogue Cloud side. When a new event is |
| received from Kafka, a small JavaScript code snippet decodes the Cloud Events message, extracts the temperature information, |
| and translates it into a Ditto protocol message. That code is run as part of the Ditto instance.</p> |
| |
| <p>If the message is valid, Ditto will update the internal state of the twin, and send out any change event that was |
| created in the process.</p> |
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| <p>One change lister that is registered, is the connection to Streamsheets. When a change of the twin state occurs, |
| this change is sent to the Streamsheets internal MQTT broker, which is used to distribute data inside Streamsheets.</p> |
| |
| <h2 id="visualization">Visualization</h2> |
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| <p class="lead"> |
| Eclipse Streamsheets is used to visualize the current state of the device. |
| </p> |
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| <p>Streamsheets receives the change events using its internal MQTT broker, updates its internal spreadsheet state, and refreshes |
| all open browser sessions to reflect the update.</p> |
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