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| |
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| </ul> |
| </li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-specification-policies.html">Policies group</a></li> |
| |
| |
| |
| <li class="subfolders"> |
| <a href="#"><span></span>→ commands/events</a> |
| <ul> |
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| |
| <li><a href="protocol-specification-policies-create-or-modify.html">Create/Modify</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-specification-policies-retrieve.html">Retrieve</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-specification-policies-delete.html">Delete</a></li> |
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| </ul> |
| </li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-bindings.html">Bindings</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples.html">Examples</a></li> |
| |
| |
| |
| <li class="subfolders"> |
| <a href="#"><span></span>→ Things examples</a> |
| <ul> |
| |
| |
| |
| <li><a href="protocol-examples-creatething.html">Create a Thing</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-deletething.html">Delete a Thing</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-modifything.html">Modify a Thing</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-retrievething.html">Retrieve a Thing</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-retrievethings.html">Retrieve multiple Things</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-modifypolicyid.html">Modify the Policy ID of a Thing</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-createattributes.html">Create Attributes</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-deleteattributes.html">Delete Attributes</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-modifyattributes.html">Modify Attributes</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-retrieveattributes.html">Retrieve Attributes</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-createattribute.html">Create a single Attribute</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-deleteattribute.html">Delete a single Attribute</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-modifyattribute.html">Modify a single Attribute</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-retrieveattribute.html">Retrieve a single Attribute</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-createthingdefinition.html">Create a Definition</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-modifythingdefinition.html">Modify a Definition</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-retrievethingdefinition.html">Retrieve a Definition</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-createfeatures.html">Create Features</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-deletefeatures.html">Delete Features</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-modifyfeatures.html">Modify Features</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-retrievefeatures.html">Retrieve Features</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-createfeature.html">Create a single Feature</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-deletefeature.html">Delete a single Feature</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-modifyfeature.html">Modify a single Feature</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-retrievefeature.html">Retrieve a single Feature</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-createdefinition.html">Create Feature Definition</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-deletedefinition.html">Delete Feature Definition</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-modifydefinition.html">Modify Feature Definition</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-retrievedefinition.html">Retrieve Feature Definition</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-createproperties.html">Create Feature Properties</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-deleteproperties.html">Delete Feature Properties</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-modifyproperties.html">Modify Feature Properties</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-retrieveproperties.html">Retrieve Feature Properties</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-createproperty.html">Create a single Property</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-deleteproperty.html">Delete a single Property</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-modifyproperty.html">Modify a single Property</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-retrieveproperty.html">Retrieve a single Property</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-errorresponses.html">Error responses</a></li> |
| |
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| </ul> |
| </li> |
| |
| |
| |
| <li class="subfolders"> |
| <a href="#"><span></span>→ Policies examples</a> |
| <ul> |
| |
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| |
| <li><a href="protocol-examples-policies-createpolicy.html">Create a Policy</a></li> |
| |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-policies-deletepolicy.html">Delete a Policy</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-policies-modifypolicy.html">Modify a Policy</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-policies-retrievepolicy.html">Retrieve a Policy</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-policies-modifypolicyentries.html">Modify entries</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-policies-retrievepolicyentries.html">Retrieve entries</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-policies-createpolicyentry.html">Create a single entry</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-policies-deletepolicyentry.html">Delete a single entry</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-policies-modifypolicyentry.html">Modify a single entry</a></li> |
| |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-policies-retrievepolicyentry.html">Retrieve a single entry</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-policies-modifysubjects.html">Modify subjects</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-policies-retrievesubjects.html">Retrieve subjects</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-policies-createsubject.html">Create a single subject</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-policies-deletesubject.html">Delete a single subject</a></li> |
| |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-policies-modifysubject.html">Modify a single subject</a></li> |
| |
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| |
| <li><a href="protocol-examples-policies-retrievesubject.html">Retrieve a single subject</a></li> |
| |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-policies-modifyresources.html">Modify resources</a></li> |
| |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-policies-retrieveresources.html">Retrieve resources</a></li> |
| |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-policies-createresource.html">Create a single resource</a></li> |
| |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-policies-deleteresource.html">Delete a single resource</a></li> |
| |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-policies-modifyresource.html">Modify a single resource</a></li> |
| |
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| <li><a href="protocol-examples-policies-retrieveresource.html">Retrieve a single resource</a></li> |
| |
| |
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| |
| <li><a href="protocol-examples-policies-errorresponses.html">Error responses</a></li> |
| |
| |
| |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| <li><a href="protocol-examples-search.html">→ Search examples</a></li> |
| |
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| <!-- Content Column --> |
| <div class="col-md-9" id="tg-sb-content"> |
| <div class="post-header"> |
| <h1 class="post-title-main">Protocol topic</h1> |
| </div> |
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| <div class="post-content"> |
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| <div id="toc"></div> |
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| <p>The Ditto Protocol defines a <strong>Topic</strong> for each Protocol message having following structure:</p> |
| |
| <p><em><a href="#namespace">{namespace}</a>/<a href="#entity-id">{entityId}</a>/<a href="#group">{group}</a>/<a href="#channel">{channel}</a>/<a href="#criterion">{criterion}</a>/<a href="#action-optional">{action}</a></em></p> |
| |
| <p>Examples for valid topic paths are:</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li><code class="highlighter-rouge">org.eclipse.ditto/fancy-car-1/things/twin/commands/create</code></li> |
| <li><code class="highlighter-rouge">org.eclipse.ditto/fancy-car-0815/things/live/events/modified</code></li> |
| <li><code class="highlighter-rouge">org.eclipse.ditto/fancy-car-23/things/twin/search</code></li> |
| <li><code class="highlighter-rouge">org.eclipse.ditto/fancy-car-42/things/live/messages/hello.world</code></li> |
| <li><code class="highlighter-rouge">org.eclipse.ditto/fancy-policy-1/policies/commands/create</code></li> |
| <li><code class="highlighter-rouge">org.eclipse.ditto/fancy-policy-1/policies/commands/delete</code></li> |
| </ul> |
| |
| <h2 id="namespace">Namespace</h2> |
| |
| <p>The entity’s namespace in which the entity is located.</p> |
| |
| <h2 id="entity-id">Entity ID</h2> |
| |
| <p>The entity’s identifier (e.g. a <code class="highlighter-rouge">Thing ID</code>) to address.</p> |
| |
| <h2 id="group">Group</h2> |
| |
| <p>The <code class="highlighter-rouge">{group}</code> contains which type of entity should be referenced with the Protocol message.</p> |
| |
| <h3 id="things-group">Things Group</h3> |
| |
| <p>Addressing the <em>things</em> group in the topic path indicates that a <code class="highlighter-rouge">Thing</code> entity is targeted which means that the entity |
| identifier in the first two segments should be treated as <code class="highlighter-rouge">Thing ID</code>.</p> |
| |
| <h3 id="policies-group">Policies Group</h3> |
| |
| <p>Addressing the <em>policies</em> group in the topic path indicates that a <code class="highlighter-rouge">Policy</code> entity is targeted which means that the entity |
| identifier in the first two segments should be treated as <code class="highlighter-rouge">Policy ID</code>.</p> |
| |
| <h2 id="channel">Channel</h2> |
| |
| <p>The <code class="highlighter-rouge">{channel}</code> specifies whether the Protocol message is addressed to the <em>digital twin</em>, to the actual <em>live</em> device |
| or to none of both.</p> |
| |
| <h3 id="twin-channel">Twin channel</h3> |
| |
| <p>When addressing the <em>twin</em> channel, the <code class="highlighter-rouge">{criterion}</code> (e.g. a <strong>command</strong>) together with the optional <code class="highlighter-rouge">{action}</code> is |
| applied to the digital representation, the <strong>digital twin</strong>, of a <code class="highlighter-rouge">Thing</code>. |
| Ditto enforces that <strong>digital twins</strong> can only be accessed in an <a href="basic-auth.html">authorized way</a> and responds with an |
| error if the required permissions are not met. |
| Addressing on the <em>twin</em> channel means addressing the backend representation of a <code class="highlighter-rouge">Thing</code> which might be outdated, but |
| roundtrips to actual devices are saved (e.g. a device in sleep mode must not be waken up in order to retrieve its last |
| reported state).</p> |
| |
| <p>Protocol messages with the <em>search</em> <code class="highlighter-rouge">{criterion}</code> are only possible on the <em>twin</em> channel as the search is done on the |
| server side representation of all digital twins.</p> |
| |
| <h3 id="live-channel">Live channel</h3> |
| |
| <p>When addressing the <em>live</em> channel, the <code class="highlighter-rouge">{criterion}</code> (e.g. a <strong>Command</strong>) together with the optional <code class="highlighter-rouge">{action}</code> is |
| applied to the actual device. |
| Ditto also enforces for the <em>live</em> channel that Protocol messages are <a href="basic-auth.html">authorized</a> and blocks |
| unauthorized access to a <code class="highlighter-rouge">Thing</code> by responding with an error.</p> |
| |
| <p>Protocol messages with the <em>messages</em> <code class="highlighter-rouge">{criterion}</code> are only possible on the <em>live</em> channel as Ditto only acts as a |
| broker of connected actual devices.</p> |
| |
| <h3 id="no-channel">No channel</h3> |
| |
| <p>Some commands (e.g. Policy commands) are not related to an actual device and thus have no associated twin. |
| For these commands the <em>twin</em>/<em>live</em> semantics does not fit and consequently they have no channel assigned in the |
| <em>Topic</em> of the Ditto Protocol message.</p> |
| |
| <p>For example a <em>CreatePolicy</em> command has the following <em>Topic</em>: <code class="highlighter-rouge"><namespace>/<policyName>/policies/commands/create</code></p> |
| |
| <h2 id="criterion">Criterion</h2> |
| |
| <p>The <code class="highlighter-rouge">{criterion}</code> segment contains the type of action of the Protocol message in the specified entity <code class="highlighter-rouge">{group}</code> and on |
| the defined <code class="highlighter-rouge">{channel}</code>.</p> |
| |
| <h3 id="commands-criterion">Commands criterion</h3> |
| |
| <p><em>commands</em> are sent to Ditto in order to do something, either on the digital twin or on a real connected device. |
| They are separated in ModifyCommands for creating, modifying, deleting and QueryCommands for retrieving.</p> |
| |
| <p>For each command Ditto processed a command response is created. |
| This command response indicates whether the command was successfully applied or if an error occurred while |
| processing the command. |
| Command responses have the same topic path as the commands which they answer to.</p> |
| |
| <h3 id="events-criterion">Events criterion</h3> |
| |
| <p><em>events</em> are emitted by Ditto for each command which successfully <em>modified</em> an entity. |
| Each ModifyCommand causes a specific Event type to be published for which interested parties can subscribe themselves.</p> |
| |
| <h3 id="search-criterion">Search criterion</h3> |
| |
| <p><em>search</em> requests can only be put on the <em>twin channel</em>. |
| They contain a query string defining on which data to search in the population of all <strong>digital twins</strong>. |
| Ditto respects the <a href="basic-auth.html">authorization</a> information while searching for the requested data and returns the |
| search result as paged list of search hits.</p> |
| |
| <h3 id="messages-criterion">Messages criterion</h3> |
| |
| <p><em>messages</em> are always exchanged via the <em>live channel</em>. |
| They carry a custom payload and can be answered by another, correlated message.</p> |
| |
| <h3 id="errors-criterion">Errors criterion</h3> |
| |
| <p><em>errors</em> are returned for commands which could not be executed due to client errors or internal server errors. |
| They contain a <em>status integer</em> which reflects an HTTP status code with the same semantics as in HTTP.</p> |
| |
| <h3 id="acks-criterion">Acks criterion</h3> |
| |
| <p><a href="#commands-criterion">Commands</a> can specify a number of <a href="basic-acknowledgements.html">acknowledgements</a> (ACKs) which |
| have to be successfully fulfilled to regard the command as successfully executed.</p> |
| |
| <p><em>acks</em> can be returned in response to <a href="#events-criterion">events</a> which have defined in their <code class="highlighter-rouge">headers</code>, that specific |
| acknowledgement labels were required by the issuing command.<br /> |
| Acks contain a <em>status integer</em> which reflects a status code with the same semantics as in HTTP, reflecting whether the |
| ack was successful (2xx status range) or not (4xx or 5xx status range).<br /> |
| Acks contain <em>headers</em> which include at least the <code class="highlighter-rouge">correlation-id</code> of the command/event to acknowledge, and optionally |
| contain a custom <em>payload</em>.</p> |
| |
| <h2 id="action-optional">Action (optional)</h2> |
| |
| <p>For command, event, and messages criteria, additional actions are available, which further distinguish the purpose of a |
| Protocol message.</p> |
| |
| <h3 id="command-criterion-actions">Command criterion actions</h3> |
| |
| <p>Requests to</p> |
| |
| <ul> |
| <li><code class="highlighter-rouge">create</code>,</li> |
| <li><code class="highlighter-rouge">retrieve</code>,</li> |
| <li><code class="highlighter-rouge">modify</code> or</li> |
| <li><code class="highlighter-rouge">delete</code></li> |
| </ul> |
| |
| <p>an entity or an aspect of an entity.</p> |
| |
| <h3 id="event-criterion-actions">Event criterion actions</h3> |
| |
| <p>An entity (e.g. a Thing) or an aspect of an entity was</p> |
| |
| <ul> |
| <li><code class="highlighter-rouge">created</code>,</li> |
| <li><code class="highlighter-rouge">modified</code> or</li> |
| <li><code class="highlighter-rouge">deleted</code>.</li> |
| </ul> |
| |
| <h3 id="messages-criterion-actions">Messages criterion actions</h3> |
| |
| <p>For the <em>messages</em> criterion, the <em>action</em> segment specifies the message subject, and can be freely chosen by the sender, |
| provided that it conforms to <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986">RFC-3986</a> (URI).</p> |
| |
| <h3 id="search-criterion-actions">Search criterion actions</h3> |
| |
| <p>The action of a command or an event of the <a href="protocol-specification-things-search.html">search protocol</a> is</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li><code class="highlighter-rouge">subscribe</code>,</li> |
| <li><code class="highlighter-rouge">request</code>,</li> |
| <li><code class="highlighter-rouge">cancel</code>,</li> |
| <li><code class="highlighter-rouge">created</code>,</li> |
| <li><code class="highlighter-rouge">next</code>,</li> |
| <li><code class="highlighter-rouge">complete</code>, or</li> |
| <li><code class="highlighter-rouge">failed</code>.</li> |
| </ul> |
| |
| <h3 id="acknowledgement-criterion-actions">Acknowledgement criterion actions</h3> |
| |
| <p>For <em>acks</em> criterion, the <em>action</em> segment specifies the identifier, which is defined by the system which issued the ACK. |
| The criterion has to match the regular expression <code class="highlighter-rouge">[a-zA-Z0-9-_]{3,64}</code>, i.e. letters of the Latin alphabet, numbers, |
| dashes, and underscores.</p> |
| |
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| |
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| |
| <b>Tags: </b> |
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