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             <h1>Kura Adapter</h1>


 <p>The Kura protocol adapter exposes an MQTT topic hierarchy allowing Eclipse Kura&trade; based gateways to publish <em>control</em> and <em>data</em> messages to Eclipse Hono&trade;&rsquo;s Telemetry and Event endpoints.</p>

 <div class="alert alert-notice">
     <h4 class="alert-heading"><i class="fas fa-info-circle"></i> Note</h4>
     <div>The Kura adapter is supposed to be used with gateways running Kura version 3.x. Gateways running Kura version 4 and later should connect to the MQTT adapter instead.</div>
 </div>


 <p>The Kura adapter by default requires devices (gateways) to authenticate during connection establishment. In order to do so, gateways need to provide a <em>username</em> and a <em>password</em> in the MQTT <em>CONNECT</em> packet. The <em>username</em> must have the form <em>auth-id@tenant</em>, e.g. <code>sensor1@DEFAULT_TENANT</code>. The adapter verifies the credentials provided by the gateway against the credentials the <a href="/hono/docs/dev/admin-guide/kura-adapter-config/#credentials-service-connection-configuration">configured Credentials service</a> has on record for the gateway. The adapter uses the Credentials API&rsquo;s <em>get</em> operation to retrieve the credentials-on-record with the <em>tenant</em> and <em>auth-id</em> provided by the device in the <em>username</em> and <code>hashed-password</code> as the <em>type</em> of secret as query parameters.</p>

 <p>Please refer to the <a href="http://eclipse.github.io/kura/config/cloud-services.html">Eclipse Kura documentation</a> on how to configure the gateway&rsquo;s cloud service connection accordingly. It is important to set the gateway&rsquo;s <em>topic.context.account-name</em> to the ID of the Hono tenant that the gateway has been registered with whereas the gateway&rsquo;s <em>client-id</em> needs to be set to the corresponding Hono device ID. The <em>auth-id</em> used as part of the gateway&rsquo;s <em>username</em> property needs to match the authentication identifier of a set of credentials registered for the device ID in Hono&rsquo;s Credentials service. In other words, the credentials configured on the gateway need to belong to the corresponding device ID.</p>

 <p>Once the gateway has established a connection to the Kura adapter, all <em>control</em> and <em>data</em> messages published by applications running on the gateway are sent to the adapter and mapped to Hono&rsquo;s Telemetry and Event API endpoints as follows:</p>

 <ol>
 <li>The adapter treats all messages that are published to a topic starting with the configured <code>HONO_KURA_CONTROL_PREFIX</code> as control messages. All other messages are considered to be data messages.</li>
 <li><em>control</em> messages with QoS 0 are forwarded to Hono&rsquo;s telemetry endpoint whereas messages with QoS 1 are forwarded to the event endpoint. The corresponding AMQP 1.0 messages that are sent downstream have a content type of <code>application/vnd.eclipse.kura-control</code>.</li>
 <li><em>data</em> messages with QoS 0 are forwarded to the telemetry endpoint whereas messages with QoS 1 are forwarded to the event endpoint. The corresponding AMQP 1.0 messages that are sent downstream have a content type of <code>application/vnd.eclipse.kura-data</code>.</li>
 </ol>

 <h2 id="downstream-meta-data">Downstream Meta Data</h2>

 <p>The adapter includes the following meta data in messages being sent downstream:</p>

 <table>
 <thead>
 <tr>
 <th align="left">Name</th>
 <th align="left">Location</th>
 <th align="left">Type</th>
 <th align="left">Description</th>
 </tr>
 </thead>

 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td align="left"><em>device_id</em></td>
 <td align="left"><em>application</em></td>
 <td align="left"><em>string</em></td>
 <td align="left">The identifier of the device that the message originates from.</td>
 </tr>

 <tr>
 <td align="left"><em>orig_adapter</em></td>
 <td align="left"><em>application</em></td>
 <td align="left"><em>string</em></td>
 <td align="left">Contains the adapter&rsquo;s <em>type name</em> which can be used by downstream consumers to determine the protocol adapter that the message has been received over. The Kura adapter&rsquo;s type name is <code>hono-kura-mqtt</code>.</td>
 </tr>

 <tr>
 <td align="left"><em>orig_address</em></td>
 <td align="left"><em>application</em></td>
 <td align="left"><em>string</em></td>
 <td align="left">Contains the name of the MQTT topic that the Kura gateway has originally published the data to.</td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table>

 <p>The adapter also considers <em>defaults</em> registered for the device at either the <a href="/hono/docs/dev/api/tenant/#payload-format">tenant</a> or the <a href="/hono/docs/dev/api/device-registration/#payload-format">device level</a>. The values of the default properties are determined as follows:</p>

 <ol>
 <li>If the message already contains a non-empty property of the same name, the value if unchanged.</li>
 <li>Otherwise, if a default property of the same name is defined in the device&rsquo;s registration information, that value is used.</li>
 <li>Otherwise, if a default property of the same name is defined for the tenant that the device belongs to, that value is used.</li>
 </ol>

 <p>Note that of the standard AMQP 1.0 message properties only the <em>content-type</em> and <em>ttl</em> can be set this way to a default value.</p>

 <h2 id="tenant-specific-configuration">Tenant specific Configuration</h2>

 <p>The adapter uses the <a href="/hono/docs/dev/api/tenant/#get-tenant-information">Tenant API</a> to retrieve <em>tenant specific configuration</em> for adapter type <code>hono-kura-mqtt</code>.
 The following properties are (currently) supported:</p>

 <table>
 <thead>
 <tr>
 <th align="left">Name</th>
 <th align="left">Type</th>
 <th align="left">Default Value</th>
 <th align="left">Description</th>
 </tr>
 </thead>

 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td align="left"><em>enabled</em></td>
 <td align="left"><em>boolean</em></td>
 <td align="left"><code>true</code></td>
 <td align="left">If set to <code>false</code> the adapter will reject all data from devices belonging to the tenant.</td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table>

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