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Device Connection Service Configuration
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<a href='/hono/docs/dev/'>Documentation</a> > <a href='/hono/docs/dev/admin-guide/'>Admin Guide</a> > Configuring the Device Connection Service
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<ul>
<li><a href="#service-configuration">Service Configuration</a></li>
<li><a href="#port-configuration">Port Configuration</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#secure-port-only">Secure Port Only</a></li>
<li><a href="#insecure-port-only">Insecure Port Only</a></li>
<li><a href="#dual-port">Dual Port</a></li>
<li><a href="#ephemeral-ports">Ephemeral Ports</a></li>
</ul>
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<li><a href="#data-grid-connection-configuration">Data Grid Connection Configuration</a>
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<li><a href="#remote-cache">Remote cache</a></li>
<li><a href="#embedded-cache">Embedded cache</a></li>
</ul>
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<li><a href="#authentication-service-connection-configuration">Authentication Service Connection Configuration</a></li>
<li><a href="#metrics-configuration">Metrics Configuration</a></li>
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<h1>
Configuring the Device Connection Service
</h1>
<p>The Device Connection service provides an implementation of Eclipse Honoâ„¢&rsquo;s <a href="/hono/docs/dev/api/device-connection/">Device Connection API</a>.</p>
<p>Protocol adapters use this API to store and retrieve information about the gateway that a device is using to connect to Hono&rsquo;s protocol adapters. This information is necessary for routing commands to the particular protocol adapter instance that the gateway used by the device is connected to.</p>
<div class="alert alert-notice">
<h4 class="alert-heading"><i class="fas fa-info-circle"></i> Deprecation</h4>
<div>The Device Connection service is deprecated and will be replaced by the <a href="/hono/docs/dev/admin-guide/command-router-config/">Command Router service</a>, implementing the <a href="/hono/docs/dev/api/command-router/">Command Router API</a>.
For now, either the Device Connection service or the Command Router service may be used by protocol adapters.</div>
</div>
<p>The Device Connection component provides a production grade implementation of the Device Connection API which uses a remote <em>data grid</em> for storing information about device connections. The data grid can be scaled out independently from the Device Connection service components to meet the storage demands at hand.</p>
<p>The Device Connection component is implemented as a Spring Boot application. It can be run either directly from the command line or by means of starting the corresponding <a href="https://hub.docker.com/r/eclipse/hono-service-device-connection/">Docker image</a> created from it.</p>
<h2 id="service-configuration">Service Configuration</h2>
<p>In addition to the following options, this component supports the options described in <a href="/hono/docs/dev/admin-guide/common-config/">Common Configuration</a>.</p>
<p>The following table provides an overview of the configuration variables and corresponding command line options for configuring the Device Connection component.</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align:left">Environment Variable<br>Command Line Option</th>
<th style="text-align:center">Mandatory</th>
<th style="text-align:left">Default</th>
<th style="text-align:left">Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>HONO_APP_MAX_INSTANCES</code><br><code>--hono.app.maxInstances</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center">no</td>
<td style="text-align:left"><em>#CPU cores</em></td>
<td style="text-align:left">The number of Verticle instances to deploy. If not set, one Verticle per processor core is deployed.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_BIND_ADDRESS</code><br><code>--hono.deviceConnection.amqp.bindAddress</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center">no</td>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>127.0.0.1</code></td>
<td style="text-align:left">The IP address of the network interface that the secure AMQP port should be bound to.<br>See <a href="#port-configuration">Port Configuration</a> below for details.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_CERT_PATH</code><br><code>--hono.deviceConnection.amqp.certPath</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center">no</td>
<td style="text-align:left">-</td>
<td style="text-align:left">The absolute path to the PEM file containing the certificate that the server should use for authenticating to clients. This option must be used in conjunction with <code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_KEY_PATH</code>.<br>Alternatively, the <code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_KEY_STORE_PATH</code> option can be used to configure a key store containing both the key as well as the certificate.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_INSECURE_PORT</code><br><code>--hono.deviceConnection.amqp.insecurePort</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center">no</td>
<td style="text-align:left">-</td>
<td style="text-align:left">The insecure port the server should listen on for AMQP 1.0 connections.<br>See <a href="#port-configuration">Port Configuration</a> below for details.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_INSECURE_PORT_BIND_ADDRESS</code><br><code>--hono.deviceConnection.amqp.insecurePortBindAddress</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center">no</td>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>127.0.0.1</code></td>
<td style="text-align:left">The IP address of the network interface that the insecure AMQP port should be bound to.<br>See <a href="#port-configuration">Port Configuration</a> below for details.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_INSECURE_PORT_ENABLED</code><br><code>--hono.deviceConnection.amqp.insecurePortEnabled</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center">no</td>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>false</code></td>
<td style="text-align:left">If set to <code>true</code> the server will open an insecure port (not secured by TLS) using either the port number set via <code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_INSECURE_PORT</code> or the default AMQP port number (<code>5672</code>) if not set explicitly.<br>See <a href="#port-configuration">Port Configuration</a> below for details.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_KEY_PATH</code><br><code>--hono.deviceConnection.amqp.keyPath</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center">no</td>
<td style="text-align:left">-</td>
<td style="text-align:left">The absolute path to the (PKCS8) PEM file containing the private key that the server should use for authenticating to clients. This option must be used in conjunction with <code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_CERT_PATH</code>. Alternatively, the <code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_KEY_STORE_PATH</code> option can be used to configure a key store containing both the key as well as the certificate.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_KEY_STORE_PASSWORD</code><br><code>--hono.deviceConnection.amqp.keyStorePassword</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center">no</td>
<td style="text-align:left">-</td>
<td style="text-align:left">The password required to read the contents of the key store.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_KEY_STORE_PATH</code><br><code>--hono.deviceConnection.amqp.keyStorePath</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center">no</td>
<td style="text-align:left">-</td>
<td style="text-align:left">The absolute path to the Java key store containing the private key and certificate that the server should use for authenticating to clients. Either this option or the <code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_KEY_PATH</code> and <code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_CERT_PATH</code> options need to be set in order to enable TLS secured connections with clients. The key store format can be either <code>JKS</code> or <code>PKCS12</code> indicated by a <code>.jks</code> or <code>.p12</code> file suffix respectively.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_NATIVE_TLS_REQUIRED</code><br><code>--hono.deviceConnection.amqp.nativeTlsRequired</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center">no</td>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>false</code></td>
<td style="text-align:left">The server will probe for OpenSLL on startup if a secure port is configured. By default, the server will fall back to the JVM&rsquo;s default SSL engine if not available. However, if set to <code>true</code>, the server will fail to start at all in this case.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_PORT</code><br><code>--hono.deviceConnection.amqp.port</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center">no</td>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>5671</code></td>
<td style="text-align:left">The secure port that the server should listen on for AMQP 1.0 connections.<br>See <a href="#port-configuration">Port Configuration</a> below for details.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_RECEIVER_LINK_CREDIT</code><br><code>--hono.deviceConnection.amqp.receiverLinkCredit</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center">no</td>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>100</code></td>
<td style="text-align:left">The number of credits to flow to a client connecting to the service&rsquo;s AMQP endpoint.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_SECUREPROTOCOLS</code><br><code>--hono.deviceConnection.amqp.secureProtocols</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center">no</td>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>TLSv1.3,TLSv1.2</code></td>
<td style="text-align:left">A (comma separated) list of secure protocols (in order of preference) that are supported when negotiating TLS sessions. Please refer to the <a href="https://vertx.io/docs/vertx-core/java/#ssl">vert.x documentation</a> for a list of supported protocol names.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_SUPPORTEDCIPHERSUITES</code><br><code>--hono.deviceConnection.amqp.supportedCipherSuites</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center">no</td>
<td style="text-align:left">-</td>
<td style="text-align:left">A (comma separated) list of names of cipher suites (in order of preference) that are supported when negotiating TLS sessions. Please refer to <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/11/docs/specs/security/standard-names.html#jsse-cipher-suite-names">JSSE Cipher Suite Names</a> for a list of supported names.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The variables only need to be set if the default value does not match your environment.</p>
<h2 id="port-configuration">Port Configuration</h2>
<p>The Device Connection component supports configuration of an AMQP based endpoint that can be configured to listen for connections on</p>
<ul>
<li>a secure port only (default) or</li>
<li>an insecure port only or</li>
<li>both a secure and an insecure port (dual port configuration)</li>
</ul>
<p>The server will fail to start if none of the ports is configured properly.</p>
<h3 id="secure-port-only">Secure Port Only</h3>
<p>The server needs to be configured with a private key and certificate in order to open a TLS secured port.</p>
<p>There are two alternative ways for doing so:</p>
<ol>
<li>Setting the <code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_KEY_STORE_PATH</code> and the <code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_KEY_STORE_PASSWORD</code> variables in order to load the key &amp; certificate from a password protected key store, or</li>
<li>setting the <code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_KEY_PATH</code> and <code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_CERT_PATH</code> variables in order to load the key and certificate from two separate PEM files in PKCS8 format.</li>
</ol>
<p>When starting up, the server will bind a TLS secured socket to the default secure AMQP port 5671. The port number can also be set explicitly using the <code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_PORT</code> variable.</p>
<p>The <code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_BIND_ADDRESS</code> variable can be used to specify the network interface that the port should be exposed on. By default the port is bound to the <em>loopback device</em> only, i.e. the port will only be accessible from the local host. Setting this variable to <code>0.0.0.0</code> will let the port being bound to <strong>all</strong> network interfaces (be careful not to expose the port unintentionally to the outside world).</p>
<h3 id="insecure-port-only">Insecure Port Only</h3>
<p>The secure port will mostly be required for production scenarios. However, it might be desirable to expose a non-TLS secured port instead, e.g. for testing purposes. In any case, the non-secure port needs to be explicitly enabled either by</p>
<ul>
<li>explicitly setting <code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_INSECURE_PORT</code> to a valid port number, or by</li>
<li>implicitly configuring the default AMQP port (5672) by simply setting <code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_INSECURE_PORT_ENABLED</code> to <code>true</code>.</li>
</ul>
<p>The server issues a warning on the console if <code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_INSECURE_PORT</code> is set to the default secure AMQP port (5671).</p>
<p>The <code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_INSECURE_PORT_BIND_ADDRESS</code> variable can be used to specify the network interface that the port should be exposed on. By default the port is bound to the <em>loopback device</em> only, i.e. the port will only be accessible from the local host. This variable might be used to e.g. expose the non-TLS secured port on a local interface only, thus providing easy access from within the local network, while still requiring encrypted communication when accessed from the outside over public network infrastructure.</p>
<p>Setting this variable to <code>0.0.0.0</code> will let the port being bound to <strong>all</strong> network interfaces (be careful not to expose the port unintentionally to the outside world).</p>
<h3 id="dual-port">Dual Port</h3>
<p>In test setups and some production scenarios Hono server may be configured to open one secure <strong>and</strong> one insecure port at the same time.</p>
<p>This is achieved by configuring both ports correctly (see above). The server will fail to start if both ports are configured to use the same port number.</p>
<p>Since the secure port may need different visibility in the network setup compared to the secure port, it has its own binding address <code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_AMQP_INSECURE_PORT_BIND_ADDRESS</code>.
This can be used to narrow the visibility of the insecure port to a local network e.g., while the secure port may be visible worldwide.</p>
<h3 id="ephemeral-ports">Ephemeral Ports</h3>
<p>Both the secure as well as the insecure port numbers may be explicitly set to <code>0</code>. The Device Connection component will then use arbitrary (unused) port numbers determined by the operating system during startup.</p>
<h2 id="data-grid-connection-configuration">Data Grid Connection Configuration</h2>
<p>The Device Connection component requires either an embedded cache or a remote
data grid, using the Infinispan Hotrod protocol to store device information.</p>
<p>The following table provides an overview of the configuration variables and corresponding command line options for configuring the common aspects of the service:</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align:left">Environment Variable<br>Command Line Option</th>
<th style="text-align:center">Mandatory</th>
<th style="text-align:left">Default</th>
<th style="text-align:left">Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_COMMON_CACHENAME</code><br><code>--hono.deviceConnection.common.cacheName</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center">no</td>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>device-connection</code></td>
<td style="text-align:left">The name of the cache</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_COMMON_CHECKKEY</code><br><code>--hono.deviceConnection.common.checkKey</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center">no</td>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>KEY_CONNECTION_CHECK</code></td>
<td style="text-align:left">The key used to check the health of the cache. This is only used in case of a remote cache.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_COMMON_CHECKVALUE</code><br><code>--hono.deviceConnection.common.checkValue</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center">no</td>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>VALUE_CONNECTION_CHECK</code></td>
<td style="text-align:left">The value used to check the health of the cache. This is only used in case of a remote cache.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The type of the cache is selected on startup by enabling or disabling the
profile <code>embedded-cache</code>. If the profile is enabled the embedded cache is
used, otherwise the remote cache is being used. The remote cache is the default.</p>
<h3 id="remote-cache">Remote cache</h3>
<p>The following table provides an overview of the configuration variables and corresponding command line options for configuring the connection to the data grid:</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align:left">Environment Variable<br>Command Line Option</th>
<th style="text-align:center">Mandatory</th>
<th style="text-align:left">Default</th>
<th style="text-align:left">Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_REMOTE_SERVERLIST</code><br><code>--hono.deviceConnection.remote.serverList</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center">yes</td>
<td style="text-align:left">-</td>
<td style="text-align:left">A list of remote servers in the form: <code>host1[:port][;host2[:port]]....</code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_REMOTE_AUTHSERVERNAME</code><br><code>--hono.deviceConnection.remote.authServerName</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center">yes</td>
<td style="text-align:left">-</td>
<td style="text-align:left">The server name to indicate in the SASL handshake when authenticating to the server.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_REMOTE_AUTHREALM</code><br><code>--hono.deviceConnection.remote.authRealm</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center">yes</td>
<td style="text-align:left">-</td>
<td style="text-align:left">The authentication realm for the SASL handshake when authenticating to the server.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_REMOTE_AUTHUSERNAME</code><br><code>--hono.deviceConnection.remote.authUsername</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center">yes</td>
<td style="text-align:left">-</td>
<td style="text-align:left">The username to use for authenticating to the server.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_REMOTE_AUTHPASSWORD</code><br><code>--hono.deviceConnection.remote.authPassword</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center">yes</td>
<td style="text-align:left">-</td>
<td style="text-align:left">The password to use for authenticating to the server.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>In general, the service supports all configuration properties of the <a href="https://docs.jboss.org/infinispan/10.1/apidocs/org/infinispan/client/hotrod/configuration/package-summary.html#package.description">Infinispan Hotrod client</a> using <code>hono.deviceConnection.remote</code> instead of the <code>infinispan.client.hotrod</code> prefix.</p>
<h3 id="embedded-cache">Embedded cache</h3>
<p>The following table provides an overview of the configuration variables and corresponding command line options for configuring the embedded cache:</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align:left">Environment Variable<br>Command Line Option</th>
<th style="text-align:center">Mandatory</th>
<th style="text-align:left">Default</th>
<th style="text-align:left">Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>HONO_DEVICECONNECTION_EMBEDDED_CONFIGURATIONFILE</code><br><code>--hono.deviceConnection.embedded.configurationFile</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center">yes</td>
<td style="text-align:left">-</td>
<td style="text-align:left">The absolute path to an Infinispan configuration file. Also see the <a href="https://docs.jboss.org/infinispan/10.1/configdocs/">Infinispan Configuration Schema</a>.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="authentication-service-connection-configuration">Authentication Service Connection Configuration</h2>
<p>The Device Connection component requires a connection to an implementation of Hono&rsquo;s Authentication API in order to authenticate and authorize client requests.</p>
<p>The connection is configured according to <a href="/hono/docs/dev/admin-guide/hono-client-configuration/">Hono Client Configuration</a>
where the <code>${PREFIX}</code> is set to <code>HONO_AUTH</code>. Since Hono&rsquo;s Authentication Service does not allow caching of the responses, the cache properties
can be ignored.</p>
<p>In addition to the standard client configuration properties, following properties need to be set for the connection:</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align:left">Environment Variable<br>Command Line Option</th>
<th style="text-align:center">Mandatory</th>
<th style="text-align:left">Default</th>
<th style="text-align:left">Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>HONO_AUTH_VALIDATION_CERT_PATH</code><br><code>--hono.auth.validation.certPath</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center">no</td>
<td style="text-align:left">-</td>
<td style="text-align:left">The absolute path to the PEM file containing the public key that the service should use for validating tokens issued by the Authentication service. Alternatively, a symmetric key can be used for validating tokens by setting the <code>HONO_AUTH_VALIDATION_SHARED_SECRET</code> variable. If none of these variables is set, the service falls back to the key indicated by the <code>HONO_AUTH_CERT_PATH</code> variable. If that variable is also not set, startup of the service fails.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>HONO_AUTH_VALIDATION_SHARED_SECRET</code><br><code>--hono.auth.validation.sharedSecret</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center">no</td>
<td style="text-align:left">-</td>
<td style="text-align:left">A string to derive a symmetric key from which is used for validating tokens issued by the Authentication service. The key is derived from the string by using the bytes of the String&rsquo;s UTF8 encoding. When setting the validation key using this variable, the Authentication service <strong>must</strong> be configured with the same key. Alternatively, an asymmetric key pair can be used for validating (and signing) by setting the <code>HONO_AUTH_SIGNING_CERT_PATH</code> variable. If none of these variables is set, startup of the service fails.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="metrics-configuration">Metrics Configuration</h2>
<p>See <a href="/hono/docs/dev/admin-guide/monitoring-tracing-config/">Monitoring &amp; Tracing Admin Guide</a> for details on how to configure the reporting of metrics.</p>
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