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<title>Running Jetty</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/docbook.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"><meta name="keywords" content="jetty, servlet, servlet-api, cometd, http, websocket, eclipse, maven, java, server, software"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="Jetty : The Definitive Reference"><link rel="up" href="quick-start-getting-started.html" title="Chapter&nbsp;2.&nbsp;Using Jetty Introduction"><link rel="prev" href="quick-start-getting-started.html" title="Chapter&nbsp;2.&nbsp;Using Jetty Introduction"><link rel="next" href="quickstart-deploying-webapps.html" title="Deploying Web Applications"><link xmlns:jfetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.JavaSourceFetchExtension" xmlns:fetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.SourceFetchExtension" xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:l="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/xmlns/l10n/1.0" xmlns:xslthl="http://xslthl.sf.net" xmlns:gcse="http://www.google.com" xmlns:date="http://exslt.org/dates-and-times" rel="shortcut icon" href="images/favicon.ico"><script type="text/javascript" src="js/shCore.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushJava.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushXml.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushBash.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushJScript.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushSql.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushProperties.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="js/shBrushPlain.js"></script><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="css/shCore.css"><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="css/shThemeEclipse.css"><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="css/font-awesome.min.css"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><table xmlns:jfetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.JavaSourceFetchExtension" xmlns:fetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.SourceFetchExtension" xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:l="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/xmlns/l10n/1.0" xmlns:xslthl="http://xslthl.sf.net" xmlns:gcse="http://www.google.com" xmlns:date="http://exslt.org/dates-and-times"><tr><td style="width: 25%"><a href="http://www.eclipse.org/jetty"><img src="images/jetty-header-logo.png" alt="Jetty Logo"></a><br><span style="font-size: small">
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</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="quickstart-running-jetty"></a>Running Jetty</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="quickstart-running-jetty.html#demo-webapps-base">Demo Base</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="quickstart-running-jetty.html#creating-jetty-base">Creating a new Jetty Base</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="quickstart-running-jetty.html#quickstart-changing-jetty-port">Changing the Jetty Port</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="quickstart-running-jetty.html#quickstart-starting-https">Adding SSL for HTTPS &amp; HTTP2</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="quickstart-running-jetty.html#d0e1103">More start.jar options</a></span></dt></dl></div><p>To start Jetty on the default port of 8080, run the following
command:</p><div class="screenexample"><pre class="screen"><span class="bold"><strong>&gt; cd $JETTY_HOME
&gt; java -jar start.jar</strong></span>
2015-06-04 10:50:44.806:INFO::main: Logging initialized @334ms
2015-06-04 10:50:44.858:WARN:oejs.HomeBaseWarning:main: This instance of Jetty is not running from a separate {jetty.base} directory, this is not recommended. See documentation at http://www.eclipse.org/jetty/documentation/current/startup.html
2015-06-04 10:50:44.995:INFO:oejs.Server:main: jetty-9.3.0.v20150601
2015-06-04 10:50:45.012:INFO:oejdp.ScanningAppProvider:main: Deployment monitor [file:///opt/jetty-distribution-9.3.0.v20150601/webapps/] at interval 1
2015-06-04 10:50:45.030:INFO:oejs.ServerConnector:main: Started ServerConnector@19dfb72a{HTTP/1.1,[http/1.1]}{0.0.0.0:8080}
2015-06-04 10:50:45.030:INFO:oejs.Server:main: Started @558ms
</pre></div><p>You can point a browser at this server at <a class="link" href="">http://localhost:8080</a>. Note the HomeBase warning, as it
is not recommended to run Jetty from the $JETTY_HOME directory, see how to
create a Jetty Base below.</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="demo-webapps-base"></a>Demo Base</h3></div></div></div><p>Within the standard jetty distribution there is the
<code class="filename">demo-base</code> directory, which demonstrates the
recommened way to run Jetty in a directory separately from
$JETTY_HOME:</p><div class="screenexample"><pre class="screen"><span class="bold"><strong>&gt; cd $JETTY_HOME/demo-base/
&gt; java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar</strong></span>
2015-06-04 10:55:24.161:INFO::main: Logging initialized @308ms
2015-06-04 10:55:24.431:WARN::main: demo test-realm is deployed. DO NOT USE IN PRODUCTION!
2015-06-04 10:55:24.434:INFO:oejs.Server:main: jetty-9.3.0.v20150601
2015-06-04 10:55:24.457:INFO:oejdp.ScanningAppProvider:main: Deployment monitor [file:///opt/jetty-distribution-9.3.0.v20150601/demo-base/webapps/] at interval 1
2015-06-04 10:55:24.826:INFO:oejsh.ContextHandler:main: Started o.e.j.w.WebAppContext@c038203{/,file:///opt/jetty-distribution-9.3.0.v20150601/demo-base/webapps/ROOT/,AVAILABLE}{/ROOT}
2015-06-04 10:55:24.929:WARN::main: test-jaas webapp is deployed. DO NOT USE IN PRODUCTION!
2015-06-04 10:55:24.978:INFO:oejsh.ContextHandler:main: Started o.e.j.w.WebAppContext@46238e3f{/test-jaas,file:///tmp/jetty-0.0.0.0-8080-test-jaas.war-_test-jaas-any-9105214562680121772.dir/webapp/,AVAILABLE}{/test-jaas.war}
2015-06-04 10:55:25.162:WARN::main: async-rest webapp is deployed. DO NOT USE IN PRODUCTION!
2015-06-04 10:55:25.208:INFO:oejsh.ContextHandler:main: Started o.e.j.w.WebAppContext@6b67034{/async-rest,[file:///tmp/jetty-0.0.0.0-8080-async-rest.war-_async-rest-any-1023939491558622183.dir/webapp/, jar:file:///tmp/jetty-0.0.0.0-8080-async-rest.war-_async-rest-any-1023939491558622183.dir/webapp/WEB-INF/lib/example-async-rest-jar-9.3.0.v20150601.jar!/META-INF/resources],AVAILABLE}{/async-rest.war}
2015-06-04 10:55:25.311:WARN::main: test-jndi webapp is deployed. DO NOT USE IN PRODUCTION!
2015-06-04 10:55:25.386:INFO:oejsh.ContextHandler:main: Started o.e.j.w.WebAppContext@8b96fde{/test-jndi,file:///tmp/jetty-0.0.0.0-8080-test-jndi.war-_test-jndi-any-1692053319754270133.dir/webapp/,AVAILABLE}{/test-jndi.war}
2015-06-04 10:55:25.508:WARN::main: test-spec webapp is deployed. DO NOT USE IN PRODUCTION!
2015-06-04 10:55:25.594:INFO:oejsh.ContextHandler:main: Started o.e.j.w.WebAppContext@69930714{/test-spec,[file:///tmp/jetty-0.0.0.0-8080-test-spec.war-_test-spec-any-5518740932795802823.dir/webapp/, jar:file:///tmp/jetty-0.0.0.0-8080-test-spec.war-_test-spec-any-5518740932795802823.dir/webapp/WEB-INF/lib/test-web-fragment-9.3.0.v20150601.jar!/META-INF/resources],AVAILABLE}{/test-spec.war}
2015-06-04 10:55:25.781:INFO:oejsh.ContextHandler:main: Started o.e.j.w.WebAppContext@3eb7fc54{/proxy,file:///tmp/jetty-0.0.0.0-8080-xref-proxy.war-_xref-proxy-any-3068657547009829038.dir/webapp/,AVAILABLE}{/xref-proxy.war}
2015-06-04 10:55:25.786:INFO:oejsh.ContextHandler:main: Started o.e.j.s.h.MovedContextHandler@59662a0b{/oldContextPath,null,AVAILABLE}
2015-06-04 10:55:25.951:WARN::main: test webapp is deployed. DO NOT USE IN PRODUCTION!
2015-06-04 10:55:26.248:INFO:oejsh.ContextHandler:main: Started o.e.j.w.WebAppContext@4f83df68{/test,file:///tmp/jetty-0.0.0.0-8080-test.war-_test-any-5238659347611323540.dir/webapp/,AVAILABLE}{/test.war}
2015-06-04 10:55:26.255:INFO:oejs.ServerConnector:main: Started ServerConnector@5a9c4ad9{HTTP/1.1,[http/1.1]}{0.0.0.0:8080}
2015-06-04 10:55:26.259:INFO:oejus.SslContextFactory:main: x509={jetty.eclipse.org=jetty} wild={} alias=null for SslContextFactory@23941fb4(file:///opt/jetty-distribution-9.3.0.v20150601/demo-base/etc/keystore,file:///opt/jetty-distribution-9.3.0.v20150601/demo-base/etc/keystore)
2015-06-04 10:55:26.269:INFO:oejs.ServerConnector:main: Started ServerConnector@5d908d47{SSL,[ssl, http/1.1]}{0.0.0.0:8443}
2015-06-04 10:55:26.270:INFO:oejs.Server:main: Started @2417ms
</pre></div><p>You can see this demo server by pointing a browser at <a class="link" href="">http://localhost:8080</a>, will now show a welcome page
and several demo/test web applications.</p><div xmlns:jfetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.JavaSourceFetchExtension" xmlns:fetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.SourceFetchExtension" xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:l="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/xmlns/l10n/1.0" xmlns:xslthl="http://xslthl.sf.net" xmlns:gcse="http://www.google.com" xmlns:date="http://exslt.org/dates-and-times" class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title"><i class="icon-warning-sign"></i> Warning</h3><p>The demonstration web applications are not necessarily secure and
should not be deployed in production web servers.</p></div><p>You can see the configuraton of the demo-base by using the following
commands:</p><div class="screenexample"><pre class="screen"><span class="bold"><strong><span class="emphasis"><em><span class="bold"><strong>&gt; </strong></span></em></span>cd $JETTY_HOME/demo-base/</strong></span>
<span class="bold"><strong>&gt; java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar --list-modules</strong></span>
...
<span class="bold"><strong>&gt; java -jar %JETTY_HOME/start.jar --list-config</strong></span>
...
</pre></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="creating-jetty-base"></a>Creating a new Jetty Base</h3></div></div></div><p>The <code class="filename">demo-base</code> directory described above is an
example of the <a class="link" href="startup-base-and-home.html" title="Managing Jetty Base and Jetty Home">jetty.base</a>
mechanism added in Jetty 9.1. A jetty base allows the configuration and
web applications of a server instance to be stored separately from the
jetty distribution, so that upgrades can be done with minimal disruption.
Jetty's default configuration is based on two properties:</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">jetty.home</span></dt><dd><p>The property that defines the location of the jetty
distribution, its libs, default modules and default XML files
(typically start.jar, lib, etc)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">jetty.base</span></dt><dd><p>The property that defines the location of a specific instance
of a jetty server, its configuration, logs and web applications
(typically start.ini, start.d, logs and webapps)</p></dd></dl></div><p>The <code class="code">jetty.home</code> and <code class="code">jetty.base</code> properties
may be explicitly set on the command line, or they can be inferred from
the environment if used with commands like:</p><div class="screenexample"><pre class="screen"><span class="bold"><strong>&gt; cd $JETTY_BASE
&gt; java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar</strong></span></pre></div><p>The following commands: create a new base directory; enables a HTTP
connector and the web application deployer; copies a demo webapp to be
deployed:</p><div class="screenexample"><pre class="screen"><span class="bold"><strong>&gt; JETTY_BASE=/tmp/mybase
&gt; mkdir $JETTY_BASE
&gt; cd $JETTY_BASE
&gt; java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar</strong></span>
WARNING: Nothing to start, exiting ...
Usage: java -jar start.jar [options] [properties] [configs]
java -jar start.jar --help # for more information
&gt; <span class="bold"><strong>java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar --add-to-startd=http,deploy</strong></span>
INFO: server initialised (transitively) in ${jetty.base}/start.d/server.ini
INFO: http initialised in ${jetty.base}/start.d/http.ini
INFO: security initialised (transitively) in ${jetty.base}/start.d/security.ini
INFO: servlet initialised (transitively) in ${jetty.base}/start.d/servlet.ini
INFO: webapp initialised (transitively) in ${jetty.base}/start.d/webapp.ini
INFO: deploy initialised in ${jetty.base}/start.d/deploy.ini
MKDIR: ${jetty.base}/webapps
INFO: Base directory was modified
<span class="bold"><strong>&gt; cp $JETTY_HOME/demo-base/webapps/async-rest.war webapps/ROOT.war
</strong></span><span class="bold"><strong>&gt; java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar</strong></span>
2015-06-04 11:10:16.286:INFO::main: Logging initialized @274ms
2015-06-04 11:10:16.440:INFO:oejs.Server:main: jetty-9.3.0.v20150601
2015-06-04 11:10:16.460:INFO:oejdp.ScanningAppProvider:main: Deployment monitor [file:///tmp/mybase/webapps/] at interval 1
2015-06-04 11:10:16.581:WARN::main: async-rest webapp is deployed. DO NOT USE IN PRODUCTION!
2015-06-04 11:10:16.589:INFO:oejw.StandardDescriptorProcessor:main: NO JSP Support for /, did not find org.eclipse.jetty.jsp.JettyJspServlet
2015-06-04 11:10:16.628:INFO:oejsh.ContextHandler:main: Started o.e.j.w.WebAppContext@1a407d53{/,[file:///tmp/jetty-0.0.0.0-8080-ROOT.war-_-any-4510228025526425427.dir/webapp/, jar:file:///tmp/jetty-0.0.0.0-8080-ROOT.war-_-any-4510228025526425427.dir/webapp/WEB-INF/lib/example-async-rest-jar-9.3.0.v20150601.jar!/META-INF/resources],AVAILABLE}{/ROOT.war}
2015-06-04 11:10:16.645:INFO:oejs.ServerConnector:main: Started ServerConnector@3abbfa04{HTTP/1.1,[http/1.1]}{0.0.0.0:8080}
2015-06-04 11:10:16.646:INFO:oejs.Server:main: Started @634ms</pre></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="quickstart-changing-jetty-port"></a>Changing the Jetty Port</h3></div></div></div><p>You can configure Jetty to run on a different port by setting the
<code class="code">jetty.http.port</code> Property on the command line:</p><div class="screenexample"><pre class="screen"><span class="bold"><strong>&gt; cd $JETTY_BASE
&gt; java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar jetty.http.port=8081</strong></span>
...
</pre></div><p>Alternatively, property values can be added to the effective command
line built from eithr the <code class="filename">start.ini</code> file or
<code class="filename">start.d/http.ini</code> files. By default, the jetty
distribution defines the jetty.http.port property in the
<code class="filename">start.d/http.ini</code> file, which may be edited to set
another value.</p><div xmlns:jfetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.JavaSourceFetchExtension" xmlns:fetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.SourceFetchExtension" xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:l="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/xmlns/l10n/1.0" xmlns:xslthl="http://xslthl.sf.net" xmlns:gcse="http://www.google.com" xmlns:date="http://exslt.org/dates-and-times" class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title"><i class="icon-asterisk"></i> Note</h3><p>The configuration by properties works via the following
chain:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>The start.d/http.ini file is part of the effective command
line and contains the --module=http argument which activates the
http module</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The modules/http.mod file defines the http module which
specifies the etc/jetty-http.xml configuration file and the template
ini properties it uses.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The jetty.http.port property is used by the Property XML element in
etc/jetty.http.xml to inject the ServerConnector instance with the
port</p></li></ul></div><p>For more information see the <a class="link" href="">Quickstart Configuration Guide</a> and
<a class="link" href="configuring-connectors.html" title="Chapter&nbsp;6.&nbsp;Configuring Jetty Connectors">Configuring
Connectors.</a></p></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="quickstart-starting-https"></a>Adding SSL for HTTPS &amp; HTTP2</h3></div></div></div><p>To add the HTTPS connector to a jetty configuration, the https
module can be activated by the following command:</p><div class="screenexample"><pre class="screen"><span class="bold"><strong>&gt; java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar --add-to-startd=https,http2</strong></span>
[...]
<span class="bold"><strong>&gt; java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar</strong></span>
[...]
2015-06-04 13:52:01.933:INFO:oejs.ServerConnector:main: Started ServerConnector@6f1fba17{SSL,[ssl, alpn, h2, http/1.1]}{0.0.0.0:8443}
[...]
</pre></div><p>The --add-to-startd command sets up the effective command line in
the ini files to run an ssl connection that supports the HTTPS and HTTP2
protocols as follows:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>creates <code class="filename">start.d/ssl.ini</code> that configures an
SSL connector (eg port, keystore etc.) by adding
<code class="filename">etc/jetty-ssl.xml</code> and
<code class="filename">etc/jetty-ssl-context.xml</code> to the effective
command line.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>creates <code class="filename">start.d/alpn.ini</code> that configures
protocol negotiation on the SSL connector by adding
<code class="filename">etc/jetty-alpn.xml</code> to the effective command
line.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>creates <code class="filename">start.d/https.ini</code> that configures
the HTTPS protocol on the SSL connector by adding
<code class="filename">etc/jetty-https.xml</code> to the effective command
line.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>creates <code class="filename">start.d/http2.ini</code> that configures
the HTTP/2 protocol on the SSL connector by adding
<code class="filename">etc/jetty-http2.xml</code> to the effective command
line.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>checks for the existence of a <code class="filename">etc/keystore</code>
file and if not present, downloads a demonstration keystore
file.</p></li></ul></div><div xmlns:jfetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.JavaSourceFetchExtension" xmlns:fetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.SourceFetchExtension" xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:l="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/xmlns/l10n/1.0" xmlns:xslthl="http://xslthl.sf.net" xmlns:gcse="http://www.google.com" xmlns:date="http://exslt.org/dates-and-times" class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title"><i class="icon-asterisk"></i> Note</h3><p>If a single start.ini file is preferred over individual
<code class="filename">start.d/*.ini</code> files, then the option
--add-to-start=module may be used to append the module activation to the
start.ini file rather than create a file in start.d</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="quickstart-changing-https-port"></a>Changing the Jetty HTTPS Port</h4></div></div></div><p>You can configure the SSL connector to run on a different port by
setting the <code class="code">jetty.ssl.port</code> property on the command
line:</p><div class="screenexample"><pre class="screen"><span class="bold"><strong>&gt; cd $JETTY_BASE
&gt; java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar jetty.ssl.port=8444</strong></span></pre></div><p>Alternatively,
property values can be added to the effective command line built from
the <code class="filename">start.ini</code> file and
<code class="filename">start.d/*.ini</code> files. If you used the
--add-to-startd command to enable https, then you can edit this property
in the <code class="filename">start.d/https.ini</code> file. If you used
--add-to-start command, then you can edit this propery in the start.ini
file.</p></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="d0e1103"></a>More start.jar options</h3></div></div></div><p>The job of the <code class="code">start.jar</code> is to interpret the command
line, <code class="filename">start.ini</code> and <code class="code">start.d</code> to build a
Java classpath and list of properties and configuration files to pass to
the main class of the Jetty XML configuration mechanism. The
<code class="code">start.jar</code> mechanism has many options which are documented in
the <a class="link" href="startup.html" title="Chapter&nbsp;9.&nbsp;Starting Jetty">startup</a> administration section and you
can see them in summary by using the command:</p><div class="screenexample"><pre class="screen"><span class="bold"><strong>&gt; java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar --help</strong></span></pre></div></div></div><script type="text/javascript">
SyntaxHighlighter.all()
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