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| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in; |
| font-family:Symbol;} |
| @list l7:level2 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:1.0in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l7:level3 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:1.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l7:level4 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:2.0in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l7:level5 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:2.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l7:level6 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:3.0in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l7:level7 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:3.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l7:level8 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:4.0in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l7:level9 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:4.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l8 |
| {mso-list-id:1406103847; |
| mso-list-type:hybrid; |
| mso-list-template-ids:1689801974 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;} |
| @list l8:level1 |
| {mso-level-number-format:bullet; |
| mso-level-text:\F0B7; |
| mso-level-tab-stop:45.5pt; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| margin-left:45.5pt; |
| text-indent:-.25in; |
| font-family:Symbol;} |
| @list l8:level2 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:1.0in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l8:level3 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:1.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l8:level4 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:2.0in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l8:level5 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:2.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l8:level6 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:3.0in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l8:level7 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:3.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l8:level8 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:4.0in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l8:level9 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:4.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l9 |
| {mso-list-id:1635671166; |
| mso-list-type:hybrid; |
| mso-list-template-ids:1137615490 67698703 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;} |
| @list l9:level1 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l9:level2 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:1.0in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l9:level3 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:1.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l9:level4 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:2.0in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l9:level5 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:2.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l9:level6 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:3.0in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l9:level7 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:3.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l9:level8 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:4.0in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l9:level9 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:4.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l10 |
| {mso-list-id:1804927766; |
| mso-list-type:hybrid; |
| mso-list-template-ids:680169446 67698689 67698691 67698689 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;} |
| @list l10:level1 |
| {mso-level-number-format:bullet; |
| mso-level-text:\F0B7; |
| mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in; |
| font-family:Symbol;} |
| @list l10:level2 |
| {mso-level-number-format:bullet; |
| mso-level-text:o; |
| mso-level-tab-stop:1.0in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in; |
| font-family:"Courier New";} |
| @list l10:level3 |
| {mso-level-number-format:bullet; |
| mso-level-text:\F0B7; |
| mso-level-tab-stop:1.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in; |
| font-family:Symbol;} |
| @list l10:level4 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:2.0in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l10:level5 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:2.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l10:level6 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:3.0in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l10:level7 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:3.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l10:level8 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:4.0in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l10:level9 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:4.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l11 |
| {mso-list-id:1903441882; |
| mso-list-type:hybrid; |
| mso-list-template-ids:-946060420 67698703 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;} |
| @list l11:level1 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l11:level2 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:1.0in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l11:level3 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:1.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l11:level4 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:2.0in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l11:level5 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:2.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l11:level6 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:3.0in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l11:level7 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:3.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l11:level8 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:4.0in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l11:level9 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:4.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l12 |
| {mso-list-id:2032606992; |
| mso-list-type:hybrid; |
| mso-list-template-ids:-1617510778 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;} |
| @list l12:level1 |
| {mso-level-number-format:bullet; |
| mso-level-text:\F0B7; |
| mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in; |
| font-family:Symbol;} |
| @list l12:level2 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:1.0in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l12:level3 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:1.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l12:level4 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:2.0in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l12:level5 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:2.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l12:level6 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:3.0in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l12:level7 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:3.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l12:level8 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:4.0in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| @list l12:level9 |
| {mso-level-tab-stop:4.5in; |
| mso-level-number-position:left; |
| text-indent:-.25in;} |
| ol |
| {margin-bottom:0in;} |
| ul |
| {margin-bottom:0in;} |
| --> |
| </style> |
| <!--[if gte mso 10]> |
| <style> |
| /* Style Definitions */ |
| table.MsoNormalTable |
| {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; |
| mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; |
| mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; |
| mso-style-noshow:yes; |
| mso-style-parent:""; |
| mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| mso-para-margin:0in; |
| mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; |
| mso-pagination:widow-orphan; |
| font-size:10.0pt; |
| font-family:"Times New Roman";} |
| table.MsoTableSimple2 |
| {mso-style-name:"Table Simple 2"; |
| mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; |
| mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; |
| mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| mso-para-margin:0in; |
| mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; |
| mso-pagination:widow-orphan; |
| font-size:10.0pt; |
| font-family:"Times New Roman";} |
| table.MsoTableSimple2FirstRow |
| {mso-style-name:"Table Simple 2"; |
| mso-table-condition:first-row; |
| mso-tstyle-border-bottom:1.5pt solid black; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-down:0in none windowtext; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-up:0in none windowtext; |
| font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| font-family:Arial; |
| mso-ascii-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-hansi-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-ansi-font-weight:bold; |
| mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;} |
| table.MsoTableSimple2LastRow |
| {mso-style-name:"Table Simple 2"; |
| mso-table-condition:last-row; |
| mso-tstyle-border-top:.75pt solid black; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-down:0in none windowtext; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-up:0in none windowtext; |
| font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| font-family:Arial; |
| mso-ascii-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-hansi-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; |
| color:windowtext; |
| mso-ansi-font-weight:bold; |
| mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;} |
| table.MsoTableSimple2FirstCol |
| {mso-style-name:"Table Simple 2"; |
| mso-table-condition:first-column; |
| mso-tstyle-border-right:1.5pt solid black; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-down:0in none windowtext; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-up:0in none windowtext; |
| font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| font-family:Arial; |
| mso-ascii-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-hansi-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-ansi-font-weight:bold; |
| mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;} |
| table.MsoTableSimple2LastCol |
| {mso-style-name:"Table Simple 2"; |
| mso-table-condition:last-column; |
| mso-tstyle-border-left:.75pt solid black; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-down:0in none windowtext; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-up:0in none windowtext; |
| font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| font-family:Arial; |
| mso-ascii-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-hansi-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-ansi-font-weight:bold; |
| mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;} |
| table.MsoTableSimple2NECell |
| {mso-style-name:"Table Simple 2"; |
| mso-table-condition:ne-cell; |
| mso-tstyle-border-left:0in none windowtext; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-down:0in none windowtext; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-up:0in none windowtext; |
| font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| font-family:Arial; |
| mso-ascii-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-hansi-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-ansi-font-weight:bold; |
| mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;} |
| table.MsoTableSimple2SWCell |
| {mso-style-name:"Table Simple 2"; |
| mso-table-condition:sw-cell; |
| mso-tstyle-border-top:0in none windowtext; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-down:0in none windowtext; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-up:0in none windowtext; |
| font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| font-family:Arial; |
| mso-ascii-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-hansi-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-ansi-font-weight:bold; |
| mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;} |
| table.MsoTableClassic1 |
| {mso-style-name:"Table Classic 1"; |
| mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; |
| mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; |
| border-top:solid black 1.5pt; |
| border-left:none; |
| border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt; |
| border-right:none; |
| mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| mso-para-margin:0in; |
| mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; |
| mso-pagination:widow-orphan; |
| font-size:10.0pt; |
| font-family:"Times New Roman";} |
| table.MsoTableClassic1FirstRow |
| {mso-style-name:"Table Classic 1"; |
| mso-table-condition:first-row; |
| mso-tstyle-border-bottom:.75pt solid black; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-down:0in none windowtext; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-up:0in none windowtext; |
| font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| font-family:Arial; |
| mso-ascii-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-hansi-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-ansi-font-style:italic; |
| mso-bidi-font-style:italic;} |
| table.MsoTableClassic1LastRow |
| {mso-style-name:"Table Classic 1"; |
| mso-table-condition:last-row; |
| mso-tstyle-border-top:.75pt solid black; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-down:0in none windowtext; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-up:0in none windowtext; |
| font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| font-family:Arial; |
| mso-ascii-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-hansi-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; |
| color:windowtext;} |
| table.MsoTableClassic1FirstCol |
| {mso-style-name:"Table Classic 1"; |
| mso-table-condition:first-column; |
| mso-tstyle-border-right:.75pt solid black; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-down:0in none windowtext; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-up:0in none windowtext; |
| font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| font-family:Arial; |
| mso-ascii-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-hansi-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;} |
| table.MsoTableClassic1NECell |
| {mso-style-name:"Table Classic 1"; |
| mso-table-condition:ne-cell; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-down:0in none windowtext; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-up:0in none windowtext; |
| font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| font-family:Arial; |
| mso-ascii-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-hansi-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-ansi-font-weight:bold; |
| mso-bidi-font-weight:bold; |
| mso-ansi-font-style:normal; |
| mso-bidi-font-style:normal;} |
| table.MsoTableClassic1SWCell |
| {mso-style-name:"Table Classic 1"; |
| mso-table-condition:sw-cell; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-down:0in none windowtext; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-up:0in none windowtext; |
| font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| font-family:Arial; |
| mso-ascii-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-hansi-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-ansi-font-weight:bold; |
| mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;} |
| table.MsoTableList1 |
| {mso-style-name:"Table List 1"; |
| mso-tstyle-rowband-size:1; |
| mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; |
| border-top:1.5pt; |
| border-left:1.0pt; |
| border-bottom:1.5pt; |
| border-right:1.0pt; |
| border-color:teal; |
| border-style:solid; |
| mso-border-top-alt:1.5pt; |
| mso-border-left-alt:.75pt; |
| mso-border-bottom-alt:1.5pt; |
| mso-border-right-alt:.75pt; |
| mso-border-color-alt:teal; |
| mso-border-style-alt:solid; |
| mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| mso-para-margin:0in; |
| mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; |
| mso-pagination:widow-orphan; |
| font-size:10.0pt; |
| font-family:"Times New Roman";} |
| table.MsoTableList1FirstRow |
| {mso-style-name:"Table List 1"; |
| mso-table-condition:first-row; |
| mso-tstyle-shading:white; |
| mso-tstyle-pattern:solid silver; |
| mso-tstyle-border-bottom:.75pt solid black; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-down:0in none windowtext; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-up:0in none windowtext; |
| font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| font-family:Arial; |
| mso-ascii-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-hansi-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; |
| color:maroon; |
| mso-ansi-font-weight:bold; |
| mso-bidi-font-weight:bold; |
| mso-ansi-font-style:italic; |
| mso-bidi-font-style:italic;} |
| table.MsoTableList1LastRow |
| {mso-style-name:"Table List 1"; |
| mso-table-condition:last-row; |
| mso-tstyle-border-top:.75pt solid black; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-down:0in none windowtext; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-up:0in none windowtext; |
| font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| font-family:Arial; |
| mso-ascii-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-hansi-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;} |
| table.MsoTableList1OddRow |
| {mso-style-name:"Table List 1"; |
| mso-table-condition:odd-row; |
| mso-tstyle-shading:white; |
| mso-tstyle-pattern:solid silver; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-down:0in none windowtext; |
| mso-tstyle-diagonal-up:0in none windowtext; |
| font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; |
| font-family:Arial; |
| mso-ascii-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-hansi-font-family:Arial; |
| mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; |
| color:windowtext;} |
| table.MsoTableList1EvenRow |
| {mso-style-name:"Table List 1"; |
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| </head> |
| |
| <body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple style='tab-interval:.5in;margin-left: |
| 8.5pt;margin-top:14.2pt'> |
| |
| <div class=Section1> |
| |
| <p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='font-size: |
| 10.0pt'>Copyright © 2007 International Business Machines Corp.</span><span |
| style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></p> |
| |
| <div align=right> |
| |
| <table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" |
| style='width:100.0%;mso-cellspacing:0in;mso-padding-alt:1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt'> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'> |
| <td valign=top style='background:#0080C0;padding:1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt'> |
| <p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial; |
| color:white'> </span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| </table> |
| |
| </div> |
| |
| <h1><img width=120 height=86 id="_x0000_i1025" src="../../../../images/Idea.jpg" |
| align=CENTER></h1> |
| |
| <p> </p> |
| |
| <h1 align=center style='text-align:center'>Customizing UML: </h1> |
| |
| <h1 align=center style='text-align:center'>Which Technique is Right for You?</h1> |
| |
| <blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'> |
| |
| <p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Summary</span></b><span |
| style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><br style='mso-special-character: |
| line-break'> |
| <![if !supportLineBreakNewLine]><br style='mso-special-character:line-break'> |
| <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></p> |
| |
| <p>Extending or restricting UML to suit a domain is not a simple task.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Before you embark on this journey, you need |
| to understand all the options available to you decide on a reasonable approach.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Each approach has its own pros and |
| cons.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>This article is the first in a |
| series of three articles that walks you through the decision making process of |
| deciding which technique to use when extending UML.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>The mechanics of actually extending UML to |
| suit your domain will be handled in future articles.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></p> |
| |
| <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> |
| |
| <p><b>By James Bruck and Kenn Hussey, IBM</b><br> |
| July 19, 2007 </p> |
| |
| </blockquote> |
| |
| <div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span |
| style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'> |
| |
| <hr size=2 width="100%" align=center> |
| |
| </span></div> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <h2>Glossary</h2> |
| |
| <p>A few terms and abbreviations will be used throughout this document.</p> |
| |
| <table class=MsoTableList4 border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 |
| style='border-collapse:collapse;border:none;mso-border-alt:solid black 1.5pt; |
| mso-yfti-tbllook:160;mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;mso-border-insideh: |
| .75pt solid black'> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:-1'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:125.75pt;border:solid black 1.5pt; |
| border-right:none;background:gray;mso-shading:white;mso-pattern:solid gray; |
| padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:1'><b><span style='color:white'>Term<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=684 valign=top style='width:513.0pt;border:solid black 1.5pt; |
| border-left:none;background:gray;mso-shading:white;mso-pattern:solid gray; |
| padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:1'><b><span style='color:white'>Definition<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:125.75pt;border-top:none;border-left: |
| solid black 1.5pt;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:none; |
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| mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.5pt;mso-border-bottom-alt:solid black .75pt; |
| padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>DSL <o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=684 valign=top style='width:513.0pt;border-top:none;border-left: |
| none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt; |
| mso-border-top-alt:solid black .75pt;mso-border-top-alt:solid black .75pt; |
| mso-border-bottom-alt:solid black .75pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid black 1.5pt; |
| padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p>Domain Specific Language.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>A language |
| designed to be useful for a specific set of tasks.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>This is in contrast to a general-purpose |
| modeling language such as UML.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>A DSL |
| is created specifically to solve problems in a particular domain and is not |
| intended to be able to solve problems outside of it.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>DSLs are usually small, more declarative |
| and less expressive than general-purpose language.</p> |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:125.75pt;border-top:none;border-left: |
| solid black 1.5pt;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:none; |
| mso-border-top-alt:solid black .75pt;mso-border-top-alt:solid black .75pt; |
| mso-border-left-alt:solid black 1.5pt;mso-border-bottom-alt:solid black .75pt; |
| padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>MOF<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=684 valign=top style='width:513.0pt;border-top:none;border-left: |
| none;border-bottom:solid black 1.0pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt; |
| mso-border-top-alt:solid black .75pt;mso-border-top-alt:solid black .75pt; |
| mso-border-bottom-alt:solid black .75pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid black 1.5pt; |
| padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p><st1:place>Meta</st1:place> Object Facility.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Is an OMG standard for Model Driven |
| Engineering?<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>MOF is designed as a four |
| level architecture.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>UML is considered |
| a layer 2 MOF model.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>M3 is the |
| language used by MOF to build <span class=SpellE>metamodels</span>.</p> |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:2'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:125.75pt;border-top:none;border-left: |
| solid black 1.5pt;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:none; |
| mso-border-top-alt:solid black .75pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>OMG<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=684 valign=top style='width:513.0pt;border-top:none;border-left: |
| none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt; |
| mso-border-top-alt:solid black .75pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p>Object Management Group.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>A |
| consortium that promotes the adoptions of standards.</p> |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:3'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:125.75pt;border-top:none;border-left: |
| solid black 1.5pt;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:none; |
| mso-border-top-alt:solid black .75pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>UML Testing Profile<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=684 valign=top style='width:513.0pt;border-top:none;border-left: |
| none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt; |
| mso-border-top-alt:solid black .75pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p>The UML testing profile can be found at: <a |
| href="http://www.omg.org/technology/documents/formal/test_profile.htm">http://www.omg.org/technology/documents/formal/test_profile.htm</a>.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>It is one demonstration of creating a DSL |
| with a profile and with a strictly MOF based version.</p> |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:4;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:125.75pt;border-top:none;border-left: |
| solid black 1.5pt;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:none; |
| mso-border-top-alt:solid black .75pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>UML<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=684 valign=top style='width:513.0pt;border-top:none;border-left: |
| none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;border-right:solid black 1.5pt; |
| mso-border-top-alt:solid black .75pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p>UML2 2.1. This refers to the latest version of the UML API which is based |
| on the UML 2.1.1 specification defined by OMG</p> |
| <p>The latest draft of the UML Superstructure Specification can be found at: <a |
| href="http://www.omg.org/technology/documents/formal/uml.htm">http://www.omg.org/technology/documents/formal/uml.htm</a></p> |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| </table> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <h2>Introduction</h2> |
| |
| <p>The ability to customize UML to a specific domain is one of the great |
| features of UML.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Creating customizations |
| allows one to leverage existing modeling tools and conventions defined by the |
| UML specification while making modeling easier for the end user (and possibly |
| less abstract).<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>The type of |
| customizations a user wishes to create depends on the nature of the domain and |
| how a user expects to use his extension.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> |
| </span>If you wish to make simple customizations by extending the static nature |
| of UML by adding new properties or simply by adding new iconic representations |
| to existing UML meta-classes, then a light-weight extension involving creating |
| profiles is the way to go.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>However, if |
| you wish to extend the behavior of UML add restrictions on certain collections |
| or take advantage of the more complex features of UML such as redefinition then |
| a heavy weight extension is the way to go.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> |
| </span>As the <a href="http://www.omg.org/technology/documents/formal/uml.htm">superstructure |
| specification</a> further points out, there are several reasons why you may |
| want to customize a meta-model: </p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l7 level1 lfo2; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Give a terminology that is adapted to a particular |
| domain.</p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l7 level1 lfo2; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Give <span class=GramE>a syntax</span> for |
| constructs that do not have a notation.</p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l7 level1 lfo2; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Give a different notation for already existing |
| symbols</p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l7 level1 lfo2; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Add semantics that is left unspecified in the |
| meta-model.</p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l7 level1 lfo2; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Add semantics that do not exist in the |
| meta-model.</p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l7 level1 lfo2; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Add constraints that restrict the way you use |
| the meta-model.</p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l7 level1 lfo2; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Add information that can be used when |
| transforming a model to another model or code.</p> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <h2>Decisions, Decisions
</h2> |
| |
| <p>Creating your own Domain Specific Language has several advantages:<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:45.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level1 lfo4; |
| tab-stops:list 45.5pt'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>DSLs allow solutions to be expressed at the |
| level of abstraction of the problem domain.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> |
| </span>Therefore domain experts can understand, validate and modify them |
| easily.</p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:45.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level1 lfo4; |
| tab-stops:list 45.5pt'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>DSLs enhance quality, productivity, |
| maintainability, reusability.</p> |
| |
| <p>And some disadvantages
</p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:45.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo6; |
| tab-stops:list 45.5pt'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Cost of designing, implementing and maintaining |
| DSL.</p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:45.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo6; |
| tab-stops:list 45.5pt'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Difficulty in balancing between domain-specific |
| and general-purpose language constructs.</p> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <h3>Where do you go from here?</h3> |
| |
| <p>The first decision that you have to make will be to decide if you should |
| extend or restrict existing concepts from UML or to simply create you own MOF |
| based meta-model that does not extend UML.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> |
| </span>This can be answered by analyzing the domain space of your DSL.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Simply put, if there is much overlap between |
| UML concepts and concepts within your DSL then favor extending UML.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>If there is little overlap then favor a MOF |
| based solution.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></p> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:8.5pt;page-break-after:avoid'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype |
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| <v:imagedata src="article_files/image001.jpg" o:title="venndiagram"/> |
| </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=598 height=183 |
| src="article_files/image001.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1027"><![endif]></p> |
| |
| <p class=MsoCaption>Figure <!--[if supportFields]><span style='mso-element: |
| field-begin'></span><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>SEQ Figure \* ARABIC |
| <span style='mso-element:field-separator'></span><![endif]--><span |
| style='mso-no-proof:yes'>1</span><!--[if supportFields]><span style='mso-element: |
| field-end'></span><![endif]-->:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>UML |
| Extension vs. MOF based</p> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <p>An excellent example of MOF based vs. profile based approaches to developing |
| a DSL is demonstrated with the UML <a |
| href="http://www.omg.org/docs/formal/05-07-07.pdf">testing profile</a>.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>In that specification, the same DSL is |
| developed using two different techniques.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> |
| </span></p> |
| |
| <p><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1028" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:45.75pt; |
| height:9.75pt'> |
| <v:imagedata src="article_files/image006.gif" o:title="tryit"/> |
| </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=61 height=13 |
| src="article_files/image006.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1028"><![endif]><span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Have a look at the UML <a |
| href="http://www.omg.org/docs/formal/05-07-07.pdf">testing profile</a>.</p> |
| |
| <p>You have several options when it comes to extending/constraining UML in your |
| quest to create a DSL.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Choosing the |
| correct method is critical for the success of your project because you will |
| have to commit to your decision and invest time and effort addressing the |
| issues associated with each.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>To that |
| end, a general description of each technique will be provided in the following |
| section, and then a table summarizing the features of each approach will be |
| provided. </p> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <h2>Techniques for extending UML</h2> |
| |
| <p><img border=0 width=63 height=14 id="_x0000_i1029" |
| src="../../../../images/tip.gif"><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>As you |
| continue to read about the techniques for extending UML, you should keep the |
| following in mind:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo8; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>As much as possible, you should be favoring the |
| lightweight approach or the use of profiles.</p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo8; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>As much as possible, you should be leaning away |
| from the use of middleweight extensions.</p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.25in'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <h3><a name="_Featherweight_extension"></a>Featherweight extension</h3> |
| |
| <p>Featherweight extensions involve the use of adding keywords.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Keywords are reserved words that normally |
| appear as text annotations attached to a UML element.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>The superstructure specification describes |
| the use of keywords and predefined keywords that already exist (see <a |
| href="http://www.omg.org/technology/documents/formal/uml.htm">Superstructure |
| Specification</a> Annex B).<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Keywords |
| are always enclosed in guillemots which serve as visual cues to more readily |
| distinguish when a keyword is being used.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> |
| </span></p> |
| |
| <p><img border=0 width=63 height=14 id="_x0000_i1030" |
| src="../../../../images/tip.gif"><span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Keywords are case sensitive.</p> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <p>Keywords are used for four different purposes:</p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo10; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: |
| Arial'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>1.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>To distinguish a particular UML concept |
| (metaclass) from others sharing the same general graphical form.</p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo10; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: |
| Arial'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>2.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>To distinguish a particular kind of relationship |
| between UML concepts from other relationships sharing the same graphical form. </p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo10; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: |
| Arial'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>3.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>To specify the value of some modifier attached |
| to a UML concept (meta-attribute value).<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> |
| </span>Thus the keyword <<<span class=SpellE>singleExecution</span>>> |
| appearing within an Activity signifies that the <span class=SpellE>isSingleExecution</span> |
| attribute of the Activity is true.</p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo10; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: |
| Arial'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>4.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>To indicate standard stereotype.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>For example the <<<span class=SpellE>modelLibrary</span>>> |
| keyword attached to a package identify that the package contains a set of model |
| elements intended to be shared by multiple models.</p> |
| |
| <p>The use of keywords is a non-standard way of extending UML and therefore |
| creating such keywords is not directly supported by the open-source UML editor, |
| however there are utility methods by the API:</p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo12; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]><span class=SpellE>Element#addKeyword</span>(), </p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo12; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]><span class=SpellE>Element#getKeyword</span>(),</p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo12; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]><span class=SpellE>Element#<span class=GramE>removeKeyword</span></span><span |
| class=GramE>(</span>) etc.. </p> |
| |
| <p>Keywords created in this manner will appear in the labels of the item when |
| viewed with the existing UML editor.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> |
| </span>When keywords get created, they are added as an annotation as shown |
| below.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:8.5pt;page-break-after:avoid'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape |
| id="_x0000_i1031" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:587.25pt;height:62.25pt' |
| o:bordertopcolor="this" o:borderleftcolor="this" o:borderbottomcolor="this" |
| o:borderrightcolor="this"> |
| <v:imagedata src="article_files/image002.jpg" o:title="keyword"/> |
| <w:bordertop type="single" width="4" shadow="t"/> |
| <w:borderleft type="single" width="4" shadow="t"/> |
| <w:borderbottom type="single" width="4" shadow="t"/> |
| <w:borderright type="single" width="4" shadow="t"/> |
| </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=787 height=87 |
| src="article_files/image003.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1031"><![endif]></p> |
| |
| <p class=MsoCaption>Figure <!--[if supportFields]><span style='mso-element: |
| field-begin'></span><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>SEQ Figure \* ARABIC |
| <span style='mso-element:field-separator'></span><![endif]--><span |
| style='mso-no-proof:yes'>2</span><!--[if supportFields]><span style='mso-element: |
| field-end'></span><![endif]-->: Keywords in a model</p> |
| |
| <p>It is important to note that the use of annotations in this manner is |
| non-standard.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>If you decide to export |
| your model with keywords to XMI, the annotations would be moved into an XMI |
| extension.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Consumers of the XMI format |
| could conceivably continue to use your keywords if they know how to work with |
| the newly created XMI elements.</p> |
| |
| <p>The use of keywords is somewhat limited in that you cannot attach any |
| constraints or validation or add properties to existing metatypes in |
| anyway.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>They are strictly used as a tag |
| to visually distinguish similar items.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> |
| </span>Another downside to keywords is that there is no formally defined |
| concept of a dictionary of keywords.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> |
| </span>The implication of this is that if I define some keywords for my domain, |
| I cannot directly share them with others.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> |
| </span>The set of appropriate keywords would have to be agreed upon and applied |
| by the end user.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Display of such keywords |
| would also have to be supported by the modeling tool you are using.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></p> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <table class=MsoTableList1 border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 |
| style='border-collapse:collapse;border:none;mso-border-top-alt:1.5pt; |
| mso-border-left-alt:.75pt;mso-border-bottom-alt:1.5pt;mso-border-right-alt: |
| .75pt;mso-border-color-alt:teal;mso-border-style-alt:solid;mso-yfti-tbllook: |
| 128;mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0'> |
| <td width=84 valign=top style='width:63.1pt;border-top:solid teal 1.5pt; |
| border-left:solid teal 1.0pt;border-bottom:none;border-right:none;mso-border-top-alt: |
| solid teal 1.5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid teal .75pt;background:silver; |
| mso-shading:white;mso-pattern:solid silver;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:64'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>Pros<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=756 valign=top style='width:567.0pt;border-top:solid teal 1.5pt; |
| border-left:none;border-bottom:none;border-right:solid teal 1.0pt;mso-border-top-alt: |
| solid teal 1.5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid teal .75pt;background:silver; |
| mso-shading:white;mso-pattern:solid silver;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:64'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Adding keywords is trivial</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:64'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Great to visually distinguish between similar |
| looking items.</p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'> |
| <td width=84 valign=top style='width:63.1pt;border-top:none;border-left:solid teal 1.0pt; |
| border-bottom:solid teal 1.5pt;border-right:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid teal .75pt; |
| mso-border-bottom-alt:solid teal 1.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:128'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>Cons<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=756 valign=top style='width:567.0pt;border-top:none;border-left: |
| none;border-bottom:solid teal 1.5pt;border-right:solid teal 1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt: |
| solid teal 1.5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid teal .75pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:128'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Limited functionality.</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:128'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>No concept of dictionary of keywords to share |
| common keywords.</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:128'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>No way to validate application of keywords.</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:128'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Not standard or formally defined by |
| superstructure specification.</p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| </table> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <h3><a name="_Lightweight_extension"></a>Lightweight extension<span |
| style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></h3> |
| |
| <p>Lightweight extensions involve using profiles.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Profiles are described in detail in the <a |
| href="http://www.omg.org/technology/documents/formal/uml.htm">UML Superstructure |
| specification</a> chapter 18. </p> |
| |
| <p>Profiles should be your first instinctive choice when deciding to extend or |
| customize UML.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>A profile defines limited |
| extensions to a reference metamodel with the purpose of adapting the metamodel |
| to a specific platform domain.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>The |
| primary extension construct is the Stereotype, which is defined as part of your |
| Profile.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Stereotypes can be used to add |
| keywords, constraints, images, and properties (tagged values) to model |
| elements.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>A profile introduces several |
| constraints or restrictions on ordinary <span class=SpellE>metamodeling</span> |
| through the use of metaclasses defined in this package.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>The profile mechanism is not a first-class |
| mechanism (i.e. it does not allow for modifying existing <span class=SpellE>metamodels</span>).<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Rather, the intention of profiles is to give |
| a straight-forward mechanism for adapting an existing metamodel with constructs |
| that are specific to a particular domain.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> |
| </span>Each such adaptation is grouped in a profile which is a type of Package.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Applying a profile does not change the |
| underlying model in any way; it merely defines a view of the underlying model.</p> |
| |
| <p>Reasons for trying to use profiles include:</p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l12 level1 lfo16; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Leveraging existing UML editors, </p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l12 level1 lfo16; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Ease of deployment, </p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l12 level1 lfo16; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Ease of working with, and primarily, </p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l12 level1 lfo16; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>They are well documented means of extending |
| UML.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></p> |
| |
| <p>To further explain the notion of reusing existing editors:<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>presumably, you will be using some graphical |
| based UML tool (built on top of open-source UML of course<span |
| style='font-family:Wingdings;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family: |
| Arial;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Wingdings'><span |
| style='mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Wingdings'>J</span></span>) |
| to develop your domain specific instances of your meta-model.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>By using profiles, you will have the ability |
| to leverage that tool when working with your meta-model without having to make |
| customizations (i.e. without extending the editor to know about your domain |
| specific items).<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Also, if you want |
| end-users to work programmatically with your domain specific extension, you |
| simply have to deploy your newly created profile.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Granted, programmatic usage of profile is a |
| bit clumsy, using <span class=SpellE>Element#setValue</span><span class=GramE>.(</span>Stereotype, |
| String, Object)<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>to set values of your |
| new properties.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></p> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <p>Two new concepts have been introduced into the UML2 2.1 API.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>These concepts will be mentioned here but |
| will be explored in more detail in future articles.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo18; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Static Profile Definition:<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Newly introduced in UML2 2.1 is the ability |
| to create statically defined profiles.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> |
| </span>In the classical approach to profiles, users typically create an Ecore |
| representation by calling <span class=SpellE>Profile#<span class=GramE>define</span></span><span |
| class=GramE>(</span>).<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>When applying |
| stereotypes from such a profile, a dynamically-generated EMF representation of |
| the stereotype is retrieved from an annotation on the profile.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Users now have the option to convert their |
| profiles to Ecore model just as they would any other model.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>They can then generate code from that model |
| and provide implementations for operations and derived features.</p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.25in'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo18; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>OCL Integration:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> |
| </span>Users can specify invariant constraints or operation bodies in OCL and |
| have code generated from the expressions entered in the UML model.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Validation of constraints created on |
| stereotypes is possible after the stereotype has been applied.</p> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <p>Newly introduced in UML 2.0 is the notion of strict application of a |
| profile.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>This is a means of specifying |
| the kinds of meta-types that your DSL is concerned with.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>For example, say you were really only |
| interested in Classes, Properties and Operations but you only wanted to specify |
| a stereotype for Class.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>You could |
| create meta-class reference to Property and Operation.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Then when applying your profile, you could |
| specify a strict application.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>UML |
| editors should respect the strict attribute of the profile application and |
| remove all other UML concepts from palettes etc and just leave those that your |
| DSL is concerned with.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>This is a feature |
| that may or may not be supported by a given tool.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Without a strict application of a profile, |
| all other UML concepts will be available.</p> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <table class=MsoTableList1 border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 |
| style='border-collapse:collapse;border:none;mso-border-top-alt:1.5pt; |
| mso-border-left-alt:.75pt;mso-border-bottom-alt:1.5pt;mso-border-right-alt: |
| .75pt;mso-border-color-alt:teal;mso-border-style-alt:solid;mso-yfti-tbllook: |
| 128;mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0'> |
| <td width=84 valign=top style='width:63.1pt;border-top:solid teal 1.5pt; |
| border-left:solid teal 1.0pt;border-bottom:none;border-right:none;mso-border-top-alt: |
| solid teal 1.5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid teal .75pt;background:silver; |
| mso-shading:white;mso-pattern:solid silver;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:64'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>Pros<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=756 valign=top style='width:567.0pt;border-top:solid teal 1.5pt; |
| border-left:none;border-bottom:none;border-right:solid teal 1.0pt;mso-border-top-alt: |
| solid teal 1.5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid teal .75pt;background:silver; |
| mso-shading:white;mso-pattern:solid silver;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:64'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Easy to create such extensions</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:64'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Well described with documentation in |
| Superstructure Specification</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:64'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Standard means to define icons</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:64'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Well defined display options.</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:64'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Application of profiles and how to use them is |
| well defined.</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:64'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Can add structure</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:64'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Low development cost</p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'> |
| <td width=84 valign=top style='width:63.1pt;border-top:none;border-left:solid teal 1.0pt; |
| border-bottom:solid teal 1.5pt;border-right:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid teal .75pt; |
| mso-border-bottom-alt:solid teal 1.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:128'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>Cons<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=756 valign=top style='width:567.0pt;border-top:none;border-left: |
| none;border-bottom:solid teal 1.5pt;border-right:solid teal 1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt: |
| solid teal 1.5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid teal .75pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:128'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Cannot specify behavior</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:128'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Only possibly to add new constraints, not to |
| remove constraints.</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:128'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Clumsy programmatic usage</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:128'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Cannot modify existing structures</p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| </table> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <h3><a name="_Hlt174419544"></a><a name="_Middleweight_extension"></a>Middleweight |
| extension</h3> |
| |
| <p>Middleweight extensions are named such because they extend all of UML.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>That is, you pull into your domain all UML |
| concepts, relationships etc.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> |
| </span>Middleweight extensions have two aspects: </p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l11 level1 lfo20; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: |
| Arial'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>1.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Extend by referencing <span class=SpellE>uml.metamodel.uml</span>.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l11 level1 lfo20; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: |
| Arial'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>2.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>To that merged set of metatypes, add your own |
| domain specific types.</p> |
| |
| <p>We make the distinction between middleweight and heavyweight based on what |
| gets extended.</p> |
| |
| <p>Even though middleweight extensions are initially easier to create (because you |
| omit the Language unit merge step in heavyweight extensions) middleweight |
| extensions are discouraged for two main reasons.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l6 level1 lfo22; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>You create interdependency between on a specific |
| version of UML.</p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l6 level1 lfo22; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>You extend all of UML even if you may only be |
| interested in certain aspects of it.</p> |
| |
| <p>If you require the flexibility of defining behavior, <span class=SpellE>subclassing</span> |
| or redefining existing collections, then you should favor <a |
| href="#_Heavyweight_extension">heavyweight extensions</a>.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>If your DSL on the other hand has much overlap |
| with UML, you could consider using middleweight extensions.</p> |
| |
| <p>When using such extensions, keep in mind that you will be creating a |
| dependency on open-source UML implementation and the internal .implementation |
| classes.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>That is to say, if UML changes |
| in some way, your newly introduced model elements that extend them might also |
| have to change </p> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <table class=MsoTableList1 border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 |
| style='border-collapse:collapse;border:none;mso-border-top-alt:1.5pt; |
| mso-border-left-alt:.75pt;mso-border-bottom-alt:1.5pt;mso-border-right-alt: |
| .75pt;mso-border-color-alt:teal;mso-border-style-alt:solid;mso-yfti-tbllook: |
| 128;mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0'> |
| <td width=84 valign=top style='width:63.1pt;border-top:solid teal 1.5pt; |
| border-left:solid teal 1.0pt;border-bottom:none;border-right:none;mso-border-top-alt: |
| solid teal 1.5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid teal .75pt;background:silver; |
| mso-shading:white;mso-pattern:solid silver;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:64'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>Pros<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=756 valign=top style='width:567.0pt;border-top:solid teal 1.5pt; |
| border-left:none;border-bottom:none;border-right:solid teal 1.0pt;mso-border-top-alt: |
| solid teal 1.5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid teal .75pt;background:silver; |
| mso-shading:white;mso-pattern:solid silver;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:64'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Easier than heavyweight to create initially.</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:64'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Easy for end user to use programmatically.</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:64'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Can add and modify behavior</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:64'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Can add and modify structure</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:64'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Can add and modify constraints</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:64'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>API is domain specific</p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'> |
| <td width=84 valign=top style='width:63.1pt;border-top:none;border-left:solid teal 1.0pt; |
| border-bottom:solid teal 1.5pt;border-right:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid teal .75pt; |
| mso-border-bottom-alt:solid teal 1.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:128'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>Cons<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=756 valign=top style='width:567.0pt;border-top:none;border-left: |
| none;border-bottom:solid teal 1.5pt;border-right:solid teal 1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt: |
| solid teal 1.5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid teal .75pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:128'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Creates interdependence on specific version of |
| UML.</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:128'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Difficult to maintain especially if UML |
| specification changes.</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:128'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>High development cost</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:128'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>File format is non-standard</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.25in;mso-yfti-cnfc:128'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| </table> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <h3><a name="_Heavyweight_extension"></a>Heavyweight extension</h3> |
| |
| <p>Creating heavyweight extensions involve 2 steps: </p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l9 level1 lfo24; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: |
| Arial'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>1.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Select the language units you wish to extend and |
| merge them.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l9 level1 lfo24; |
| tab-stops:list .5in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: |
| Arial'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>2.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>To that merged set of metatypes, add your own |
| domain specific types.</p> |
| |
| <p>Although the concept and terminology for heavyweight extension is not mentioned |
| in the official UML specification, the notion of using package merge to define |
| languages is mentioned and forms the bases for constructing UML itself.</p> |
| |
| <p>So why exactly would you even consider a heavyweight extension?<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>The simple answer is: ability to customize |
| and specify behavior.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>With |
| middleweight extensions you have access to all the concepts of subsetting and |
| redefinition that are used to create UML itself.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Support for these concepts is handled |
| through the customized code UML code generator.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> |
| </span>The details of these concepts will be explored in a future article but |
| the basics are as follows:</p> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <h4>Subsetting</h4> |
| |
| <p>A property may be marked as the subset of another, as long as every element |
| in the context of the subsetting property conforms to the corresponding element |
| in the context of the <span class=SpellE>subsetted</span> property.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>The UML2 API and code generator provide |
| support for Java code to enforce these subset constraints.</p> |
| |
| <p>Subsetting comes in two basic flavors: derived subsets and non-derived |
| subsets.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:63.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo26; |
| tab-stops:list 63.5pt'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>Derived |
| subsets<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:63.5pt'>If a property is a derived subset, then its value |
| or values can be computed from the value of one or more other properties.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>That is to say that the values exist in some |
| form somewhere else in the meta-model and that those values can be |
| computed.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:63.5pt'><img border=0 width=63 height=14 id="_x0000_i1032" |
| src="../../../../images/tip.gif">Derived properties are often specified to be |
| read-only.</p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:63.5pt'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><u>Example:</u></i><span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=SpellE>Package.nestedPackage</span> |
| is a derived subset of <span class=SpellE>Package.ownedType</span>.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>In this case derivation is based on some |
| aspect of the property: type.</p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:63.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo26; |
| tab-stops:list 63.5pt'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-family:Symbol; |
| mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span |
| style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>Non-derived |
| subsets<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:63.5pt'>Non-derived subsets<b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: |
| normal'> </b>also apply to properties but such properties contain values that |
| cannot be calculated directly from existing features.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:63.5pt'><img border=0 width=63 height=14 id="_x0000_i1033" |
| src="../../../../images/tip.gif"><span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Non-derived subsets must be writable.</p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:63.5pt'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><u>Example:</u></i><span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>The precondition property of the Operation |
| metaclass is an example.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Pre-conditions |
| subset <span class=SpellE>Namespace::ownedRule</span> but must be populated |
| explicitly.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Newly added items also get |
| added to the <span class=SpellE>Namespace::ownedRule</span> collection.</p> |
| |
| <p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <h4>Redefinition</h4> |
| |
| <p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'>Redefinition |
| is a way to narrow the scope of a property or to constrain it.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>If you wish to restrict what can be added to |
| an existing collection, you should use redefinition.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>In effect, redefinition replaces an existing |
| property.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>You cannot widen the scope of |
| a property with redefinition.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> |
| </span>Redefinition only makes sense in the context of generalization.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>That is to say that a property that is the |
| redefined property must be one inherited by the classifier redefining it.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Redefinition can be used to narrow the type |
| of a property by referring to a more specific type.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Redefinition of features which are lists of |
| items replaces the entire list.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>That is |
| to say, any items contributed via inheritance will be disregarded and the |
| redefined list will be recalculated.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>If |
| you wish to contribute items to an existing list, you can use a derived union. |
| The name and visibility of a property are not required to match those of any |
| property it redefines.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></p> |
| |
| <p><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><u>Example</u></i>: </p> |
| |
| <p style='margin-left:8.5pt;page-break-after:avoid'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape |
| id="_x0000_i1034" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:460.5pt;height:286.5pt'> |
| <v:imagedata src="article_files/image004.gif" o:title="Redefinition"/> |
| </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=614 height=382 |
| src="article_files/image004.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1034"><![endif]></p> |
| |
| <p class=MsoCaption>Figure <!--[if supportFields]><span style='mso-element: |
| field-begin'></span><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>SEQ Figure \* ARABIC |
| <span style='mso-element:field-separator'></span><![endif]--><span |
| style='mso-no-proof:yes'>3</span><!--[if supportFields]><span style='mso-element: |
| field-end'></span><![endif]-->: Redefinition</p> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <h4>Derived Unions</h4> |
| |
| <p>Derived unions indicate that a feature is the union of one or more |
| collections or scalar. Derived unions are analogous to abstract methods in |
| Java.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>As with abstract methods, derived |
| unions really only make sense in the context of a concrete type defining what |
| is contributed.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Derived unions are |
| useful if you wish to indicate that a particular meta-type defines a feature |
| but that feature is to be defined within the context of other meta-types.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Users of derived unions would create a |
| property which subsets the property marked as a derived union and then |
| contributes more objects to the collection.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> |
| </span>A derived union is typically applied to properties on abstract types |
| high up in the inheritance hierarchy.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>A |
| derived union is read only.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>A derived |
| union is derived.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>A derived union is a |
| derived subset but not vice versa necessarily.</p> |
| |
| <p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><i |
| style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><u>Example</u></i>:</p> |
| |
| <p><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1035" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:555pt; |
| height:654pt'> |
| <v:imagedata src="article_files/image005.gif" o:title="derivedUnion"/> |
| </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=740 height=872 |
| src="article_files/image005.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1035"><![endif]></p> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <p>Heavyweight extensions are great if you want to allow users to work |
| programmatically with your code by presenting a very clean API or if you want |
| to add or customize behavior.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>The |
| downside to heavyweight extension is that it is the most costly approach:<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>it is the most difficult to develop and its |
| overall usefulness might be limited to those who have intimate knowledge of |
| your API and customizations.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></p> |
| |
| <p>Deploying heavyweight extensions so that user may programmatically create |
| instances of your DSL involve deploying all the <span class=SpellE>plugins</span> |
| involved as opposed to a deploying a single profile as with lightweight |
| extensions.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></p> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <table class=MsoTableList1 border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 |
| style='border-collapse:collapse;border:none;mso-border-top-alt:1.5pt; |
| mso-border-left-alt:.75pt;mso-border-bottom-alt:1.5pt;mso-border-right-alt: |
| .75pt;mso-border-color-alt:teal;mso-border-style-alt:solid;mso-yfti-tbllook: |
| 128;mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0'> |
| <td width=84 valign=top style='width:63.1pt;border-top:solid teal 1.5pt; |
| border-left:solid teal 1.0pt;border-bottom:none;border-right:none;mso-border-top-alt: |
| solid teal 1.5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid teal .75pt;background:silver; |
| mso-shading:white;mso-pattern:solid silver;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:64'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>Pros<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=756 valign=top style='width:567.0pt;border-top:solid teal 1.5pt; |
| border-left:none;border-bottom:none;border-right:solid teal 1.0pt;mso-border-top-alt: |
| solid teal 1.5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid teal .75pt;background:silver; |
| mso-shading:white;mso-pattern:solid silver;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:64'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Easy for end users to use programmatically</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:64'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Ability to override or customize operations |
| and behavior</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:64'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Selectively reuse UML concepts as required.</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:64'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Constraints are enforced at compile time ( |
| type safety )</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:64'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>API is domain specific</p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'> |
| <td width=84 valign=top style='width:63.1pt;border-top:none;border-left:solid teal 1.0pt; |
| border-bottom:solid teal 1.5pt;border-right:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid teal .75pt; |
| mso-border-bottom-alt:solid teal 1.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:128'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>Cons<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=756 valign=top style='width:567.0pt;border-top:none;border-left: |
| none;border-bottom:solid teal 1.5pt;border-right:solid teal 1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt: |
| solid teal 1.5pt;mso-border-right-alt:solid teal .75pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:128'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Costly development (complicated)</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:128'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Difficult to develop such an extension</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:128'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Difficult to maintain.</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:128'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Slightly more difficult to deploy.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Involves deploying all <span class=SpellE>plugins</span> |
| involved.</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:128'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>Cannot modify existing behavior</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo14; |
| tab-stops:list .5in;mso-yfti-cnfc:128'><![if !supportLists]><span |
| style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: |
| Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> |
| </span></span></span><![endif]>File format is non-standard</p> |
| <p style='margin-left:.25in;mso-yfti-cnfc:128'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| </table> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <h2>Option summary</h2> |
| |
| <p>If you have stuck with this document this far you have a sense that the |
| decision making process of how to extend UML is not straightforward or |
| simple.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>To help simplify what has been |
| discussed, a summary table will be presented.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> |
| </span>Emphasis has been made on light weight extensions as this should be your |
| first instinct.</p> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <table class=MsoTableSimple2 border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 |
| style='border-collapse:collapse;mso-yfti-tbllook:160;mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:-1;height:47.75pt'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:126.1pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; |
| border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; |
| mso-border-bottom-alt:solid black 1.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:47.75pt'> |
| <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-yfti-cnfc:5'><b><o:p> </o:p></b></p> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:5'><b><o:p> </o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=145 valign=top style='width:108.5pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt; |
| mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:47.75pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center;mso-yfti-cnfc:1'><b><a |
| href="#_Featherweight_extension"><span style='font-weight:normal'>Featherweight</span></a> |
| <o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt; |
| background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:47.75pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center;mso-yfti-cnfc:1'><b><a |
| href="#_Lightweight_extension"><span style='font-weight:normal'>Lightweight</span></a><o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=205 valign=top style='width:153.5pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt; |
| padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:47.75pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center;mso-yfti-cnfc:1'><b><a |
| href="#_Middleweight_extension"><span style='font-weight:normal'>Middleweight</span></a><o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid black 1.5pt; |
| padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:47.75pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center;mso-yfti-cnfc:1'><b><a |
| href="#_Heavyweight_extension"><span style='font-weight:normal'>Heavyweight</span></a><o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;height:13.85pt'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:126.1pt;border:none;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; |
| mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; |
| mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:4'><b>Keyword support<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=145 valign=top style='width:108.5pt;border:none;mso-border-top-alt: |
| solid black 1.5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;background:#E6E6E6; |
| padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Simply used as a tag to highlight certain |
| characteristics</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: |
| normal'>Yes<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Part of Stereotype definition in |
| Superstructure Specification.</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=205 valign=top style='width:153.5pt;border:none;mso-border-top-alt: |
| solid black 1.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes*</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Not directly supported although can |
| be accomplished if implementer customizes display code.</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;border:none;mso-border-top-alt: |
| solid black 1.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes*</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Not directly supported although can |
| be accomplished if implementer customizes display code.</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1;height:13.85pt'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:126.1pt;border:none;border-right:solid black 1.5pt; |
| background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:4'><b>Icon support<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=145 valign=top style='width:108.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>No</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: |
| normal'>Yes<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Profiles directly support applying |
| and displaying icons.</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=205 valign=top style='width:153.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes*</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Not directly supported although can |
| be accomplished if implementer customizes display code</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes*</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Not directly supported although can |
| be accomplished if implementer customizes display code.</p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:2;height:13.85pt'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:126.1pt;border:none;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; |
| mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:4'><b>Restrict or constrain existing types<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=145 valign=top style='width:108.5pt;border:none;mso-border-left-alt: |
| solid windowtext .5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>No</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: |
| normal'>Yes <o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Add additional OCL |
| constraints.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Some OCL integration |
| support.</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=205 valign=top style='width:153.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Add additional OCL |
| constraints.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Some OCL integration |
| support.</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Add additional OCL |
| constraints.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Some OCL integration |
| support</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:3;height:13.85pt'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:126.1pt;border:none;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; |
| mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:4'><b>Extend existing types<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=145 valign=top style='width:108.5pt;border:none;mso-border-left-alt: |
| solid windowtext .5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>No</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: |
| normal'>Yes<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Extend existing types through |
| Stereotype Generalization</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=205 valign=top style='width:153.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Extend existing types through |
| generalizations</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Extend existing types through |
| generalizations</p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:4;height:13.85pt'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:126.1pt;border:none;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; |
| mso-border-right-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:4'><b>Add new types that do not extend an existing |
| type<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=145 valign=top style='width:108.5pt;border:none;mso-border-left-alt: |
| solid windowtext .5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>No</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: |
| normal'>No<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Stereotypes must be applied to some |
| existing UML concept to come into existence</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=205 valign=top style='width:153.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Create any type you want without generalization |
| and use freely.</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Create any type you want without |
| generalization and use freely.</p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:5;height:13.85pt'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:126.1pt;border:none;border-right:solid black 1.5pt; |
| background:#E6E6E6;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:4'><b>Remove existing type<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=145 valign=top style='width:108.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>No</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: |
| normal'>No</b> *</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>You are applying your newly created |
| Stereotypes to the UML domain.</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Use of strict application of |
| profile.</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=205 valign=top style='width:153.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>No</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>All of UML pulled in.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Your DSL extends all of UML.</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Simply extend <span class=SpellE>uml.metamodel.uml</span></p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Your DSL extension would extend |
| only the merged language units that you would be interested in.</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Development is complicated because |
| of this merge step.</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:6;height:13.85pt'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:126.1pt;border:none;border-right:solid black 1.5pt; |
| background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:4'><b>Add new properties<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=145 valign=top style='width:108.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>No</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: |
| normal'>Yes<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Apply Profile, apply Stereotype |
| that adds property. Use <span class=SpellE><span class=GramE>setValue</span></span><span |
| class=GramE>(</span>) to get and set property. </p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=205 valign=top style='width:153.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Getters and setters for newly added |
| properties are created automatically.</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Getters and setters for newly added |
| properties are created automatically.</p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:7;height:13.85pt'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:126.1pt;border:none;border-right:solid black 1.5pt; |
| background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:4'><b>Remove existing properties<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=145 valign=top style='width:108.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>No</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: |
| normal'>No<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=205 valign=top style='width:153.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>No*</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Can only exclude entire types |
| depending on granularity of Language Unit.</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>No</p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:8;height:13.85pt'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:126.1pt;border:none;border-right:solid black 1.5pt; |
| background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:4'><b>Restrict/constrain existing properties<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=145 valign=top style='width:108.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>No</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: |
| normal'>Yes<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>OCL constraints.</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=205 valign=top style='width:153.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Directly by use of Sub-setting and |
| Redefinition.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Indirectly by adding |
| additional constraints in which case code is generated.</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Directly by use of Sub-setting and |
| Redefinition.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Indirectly by adding |
| additional constraints in which case code is generated.</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:9;height:13.85pt'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:126.1pt;border:none;border-right:solid black 1.5pt; |
| background:#E6E6E6;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:4'><b>Add new operations<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=145 valign=top style='width:108.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>No</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: |
| normal'>No<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Not able to specify behavior in a |
| profile currently.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>In the future, you |
| might be able to add behavior through OCL constraints.</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=205 valign=top style='width:153.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>You can specify operations and |
| behavior.</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>You can specify operations and behavior.</p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:10;height:13.85pt'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:126.1pt;border:none;border-right:solid black 1.5pt; |
| background:#E6E6E6;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:4'><b>Remove existing operations<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=145 valign=top style='width:108.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>No</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: |
| normal'>No<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=205 valign=top style='width:153.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>No*</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes*</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Since the merged language unit code |
| gets regenerated it is possible to completely customize.</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:11;height:13.85pt'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:126.1pt;border:none;border-right:solid black 1.5pt; |
| background:#E6E6E6;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:4'><b>Restrict/constrain existing operations<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=145 valign=top style='width:108.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>No</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: |
| normal'>Yes<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>OCL constraints can be attached to operations</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=205 valign=top style='width:153.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:12;height:13.85pt'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:126.1pt;border:none;border-right:solid black 1.5pt; |
| background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:4'><b>Reuse UML concepts<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=145 valign=top style='width:108.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: |
| normal'>Yes<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=205 valign=top style='width:153.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Possible to customize exactly which |
| concepts to reuse by merging your own Language Units</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:13;height:13.85pt'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:126.1pt;border:none;border-right:solid black 1.5pt; |
| background:#E6E6E6;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:4'><b>Restrict multiplicity<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=145 valign=top style='width:108.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>No</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: |
| normal'>Yes<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=205 valign=top style='width:153.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:14;height:13.85pt'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:126.1pt;border:none;border-right:solid black 1.5pt; |
| padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:4'><b>Remove existing constraints<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=145 valign=top style='width:108.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>No</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: |
| normal'>No<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=205 valign=top style='width:153.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:15;height:13.85pt'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:126.1pt;border:none;border-right:solid black 1.5pt; |
| padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:4'><b>Add new constraints<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=145 valign=top style='width:108.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>No</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: |
| normal'>Yes<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Add OCL constraints.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Currently no runtime checks</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=205 valign=top style='width:153.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Add operations that directly |
| restrict operations.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Type safety at |
| compile time.</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Add operations that directly |
| restrict operations.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Type safety at compile |
| time.</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:16;height:13.85pt'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:126.1pt;border:none;border-right:solid black 1.5pt; |
| background:#E6E6E6;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:4'><b>First class extensibility<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=145 valign=top style='width:108.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>No</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: |
| normal'>No<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=205 valign=top style='width:153.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E6E6E6;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:17;height:13.85pt'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:126.1pt;border:none;border-right:solid black 1.5pt; |
| padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:4'><b>Validation<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=145 valign=top style='width:108.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>No</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: |
| normal'>No<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=205 valign=top style='width:153.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Custom validation stubs are |
| automatically generated.</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Custom validation stubs are |
| automatically generated.</p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:18;height:13.85pt'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:126.1pt;border:none;border-right:solid black 1.5pt; |
| background:#E0E0E0;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:4'><b>Programmatic usage<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=145 valign=top style='width:108.5pt;background:#E0E0E0;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Easy</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Simply apply tag.</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E0E0E0;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: |
| normal'>Awkward<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>*Programmatic usage covered in |
| future document</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=205 valign=top style='width:153.5pt;background:#E0E0E0;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Easy</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Concepts are straight forward and |
| familiar to developers.</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>*Programmatic usage covered in |
| future document</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E0E0E0;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Easy</p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:19;height:13.85pt'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:126.1pt;border:none;border-right:solid black 1.5pt; |
| background:#E0E0E0;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:4'><b>Efficiency of running code<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=145 valign=top style='width:108.5pt;background:#E0E0E0;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Very efficient</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E0E0E0;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Not optimal</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=205 valign=top style='width:153.5pt;background:#E0E0E0;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Very efficient</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E0E0E0;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Very efficient</p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:20;height:13.85pt'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:126.1pt;border:none;border-right:solid black 1.5pt; |
| padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:4'><b>Cost of development<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=145 valign=top style='width:108.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Low</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Trivial development</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: |
| normal'>Medium<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Extension technique is well defined |
| and documented.</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=205 valign=top style='width:153.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>High</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Developer must understand complex |
| concepts such as redefinition, subsetting, derived unions</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Highest</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Must merge language units and |
| developer must understand complex concepts such as redefinition, subsetting, |
| derived unions</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:21;height:13.85pt'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:126.1pt;border:none;border-right:solid black 1.5pt; |
| background:#E0E0E0;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:4'><b>Ability to evolve<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=145 valign=top style='width:108.5pt;background:#E0E0E0;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Easy</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E0E0E0;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: |
| normal'>Easy<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Just modify profile and reapply</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=205 valign=top style='width:153.5pt;background:#E0E0E0;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Difficult</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Regenerate code</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E0E0E0;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Difficult</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Regenerate code</p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:22;height:13.85pt'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:126.1pt;border:none;border-right:solid black 1.5pt; |
| padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:4'><b>Deploy so end users can work with<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=145 valign=top style='width:108.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>N/A</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:white;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: |
| normal'>Easy<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Deploy profile, user must apply |
| profile and apply stereotype.</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=205 valign=top style='width:153.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Easy</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Deploy <span class=SpellE>plugins</span></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
| height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Easy</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Deploy <span class=SpellE>plugins</span></p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:23;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes;height:13.85pt'> |
| <td width=168 valign=top style='width:126.1pt;border:none;border-right:solid black 1.5pt; |
| background:#E0E0E0;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p style='mso-yfti-cnfc:4'><b>Dependency on UML implementation<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=145 valign=top style='width:108.5pt;background:#E0E0E0;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>No</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E0E0E0;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: |
| normal'>No</b> *</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Unless the meta-type is removed altogether |
| your extension will be valid.</p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=205 valign=top style='width:153.5pt;background:#E0E0E0;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Yes</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>Generator model references <span |
| class=SpellE>uml.metamodel.uml</span> which causes dependency on a particular |
| version of UML2.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Depends on uml2 |
| implementation</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| <td width=191 valign=top style='width:143.5pt;background:#E0E0E0;padding: |
| 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:13.85pt'> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>No *</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'>You will be dependent on your merged |
| model based on language units but you control that.</p> |
| <p align=center style='text-align:center'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| </table> |
| |
| <p><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <h2 style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'>Conclusion</h2> |
| |
| <p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'>Congratulations! |
| Youve made it this far, so youve gone through the thought process of |
| selecting the extension technique that is right for you.<span |
| style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Hopefully enough information has been |
| provided to enable you to decisively conclude the right approach for you.</p> |
| |
| <p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'>We |
| have explored some of the pros and cons of each type of extension as well as |
| provided a summary of all the techniques.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> |
| </span>Detailed information of how to create heavy-weight extensions will be |
| explored in more detail in future articles.</p> |
| |
| <p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><img |
| border=0 width=63 height=14 id="_x0000_i1036" src="../../../../images/tip.gif">The |
| main conclusion of this article is: The use of <a href="#_Hlt174419544">Middleweight |
| extensions</a> is discouraged and <a href="#_Lightweight_extension">Lightweight |
| extensions</a> should be your first instinct.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> |
| </span>Middleweight extensions should be used in rare cases where much control |
| is required.</p> |
| |
| <p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'>For |
| more information on UML2, visit the <a href="http://www.eclipse.org/uml2">home |
| page</a> or join the <a href="news://news.eclipse.org/eclipse.modeling.mdt.uml2">newsgroup</a>.</p> |
| |
| <h2 style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'>References</h2> |
| |
| <p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'>[1] |
| K. Hussey. Getting Started with UML2. International Business Machines Corp., |
| 2004, 2006.</p> |
| |
| <p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'>[2] |
| K. Hussey. Introduction to UML2 Profiles. International Business Machines |
| Corp., 2004, 2006.</p> |
| |
| <p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'>[3] |
| UML Testing Profile. <span class=GramE>Version 1.0, formal/05-07-07.</span> <span |
| class=GramE>OMG.,</span> July 2005.</p> |
| |
| <p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><o:p> </o:p></p> |
| |
| <p style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span |
| style='font-size:7.5pt'>Java and all Java-based trademarks and logos are |
| trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the </span><st1:country-region><st1:place><span |
| style='font-size:7.5pt'>United States</span></st1:place></st1:country-region><span |
| style='font-size:7.5pt'>, other countries, or both.</span></p> |
| |
| </div> |
| |
| </body> |
| |
| </html> |
