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| </head> |
| <body class="article"> |
| <div id="header"> |
| </div> |
| <div id="content"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><a id="migrating-to-osgi"></a></p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_migrating_to_osgi">Migrating to OSGi</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Taking on a new technology such as OSGi may seem a bit daunting at first, |
| but a proven set of migration steps can help ease the journey. Teams |
| wishing to migrate existing applications to run on the Virgo for Apache Tomcat |
| will find that their applications typically fall into one of the following |
| categories.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p><strong>Web Application</strong>: for web applications, |
| this chapter provides an overview of the steps required to migrate |
| from a Standard WAR to a Shared Services WAR. Furthermore, the following |
| chapter provides a detailed case study involving the migration |
| of the Spring 3.0 Form Tags show case application.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><strong>Anything else</strong>: for any other type |
| of application, you will typically either deploy your application |
| as multiple individual bundles, as a single PAR file, or as a plan, |
| which is the recommended approach for deploying applications on |
| the Virgo for Apache Tomcat. See <a href="#migrating-to-osgi-par-plan">Migrating to a Plan or a PAR</a> for details.</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><a id="migrating-to-osgi-web"></a></p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="_migrating_web_applications">Migrating Web Applications</h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Many applications may start with the standard WAR format for web applications and |
| gradually migrate to a more OSGi-oriented architecture. Since the Virgo for Apache Tomcat |
| offers several benefits to all supported deployment formats, it provides a smooth |
| migration path. Of course, depending on your application’s complexity and your |
| experience with OSGi, you may choose to start immediately with an OSGi-based |
| architecture.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><a id="migrating-to-osgi-web-standard-war"></a></p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect3"> |
| <h4 id="_standard_war">Standard WAR</h4> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>If you are not yet familiar with OSGi or simply want to deploy an existing web application on the Virgo for Apache Tomcat, |
| you can deploy a standard WAR and leverage the VTS with a minimal learning curve. In fact reading the |
| <a href="../../virgo-user-guide/html/index.html">User Guide</a> |
| is pretty much all that you need to do to get started. Furthermore, you will gain |
| familiarity with the Virgo for Apache Tomcat, while preparing to take advantage of the other formats.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><a id="migrating-to-osgi-web-shared-libraries-war"></a></p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect3"> |
| <h4 id="_shared_libraries_war">Shared Libraries WAR</h4> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <strong>Shared Libraries WAR</strong> |
| format is the first step to reaping the benefits of OSGi. In this phase, you dip your toes into OSGi-based dependency |
| management by removing JAR files from the WAR and declaring dependencies on corresponding OSGi bundles.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><a id="migrating-to-osgi-web-shared-services-war"></a></p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect3"> |
| <h4 id="_shared_services_war">Shared Services WAR</h4> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>In this phase, you take the next step toward a fully OSGi-based architecture by separating your web artifacts |
| (e.g., Servlets, Controllers, etc.) from the services they depend on.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><a id="migrating-to-osgi-web-summary"></a></p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect3"> |
| <h4 id="_web_migration_summary">Web Migration Summary</h4> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The following diagram graphically depicts the migration path from a Standard WAR to a Shared Services WAR. |
| As you can see, the libraries (<strong>libs</strong>) move from within the deployment artifact |
| to the Bundle Repository. |
| Similarly, the services move from within the WAR to external bundles and are accessed via the |
| OSGi Service Registry. In addition, the overall footprint of the deployment artifact decreases |
| as you move towards a Shared Services WAR. |
| <span class="image"><img src="assets/images/migration-path-war-to-shsrv.png" alt="migration path war to shsrv"></span></p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><a id="migrating-to-osgi-par-plan"></a></p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="_migrating_to_a_plan_or_a_par">Migrating to a Plan or a PAR</h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The first steps to migrating an existing application to a plan or a PAR are the same: deciding on the bundles that make up the application and ensuring that their <code>Import-Package</code>, <code>Import-Library</code>, and <code>Import-Bundle</code> manifest headers are correct. Once you have the list of bundles that make up your application, you then decide whether you want to JAR them all into a single application file (PAR) or create a plan that simply lists the bundles by reference. Creating a plan is the recommend way to create an application, although PARs also have benefits that might suit your needs better, as described in <a href="#migrating-to-osgi-parplan-decide">Plan or PAR?</a>.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><a id="migrating-to-osgi-parplan-bundles"></a></p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect3"> |
| <h4 id="_creating_the_application_bundles">Creating the Application Bundles</h4> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>When migrating an existing application to the PAR packaging and deployment format or a plan, |
| you consider modularity as the prime objective. Following the ideas discussed in |
| <a href="#architecture-forming-bundles">[architecture-forming-bundles]</a>, you refactor the application into multiple bundles. |
| You may start conservatively with a small number of bundles and then further refactor those bundles.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>If the original code is crafted following good software practices such as separation of concerns and use of |
| well-defined interfaces, migration may involve modifying only configuration and packaging. In other words, |
| your Java sources will remain unchanged. Even configuration is likely to change only slightly.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>For example, the following diagram depicts a typical web application that has been refactored and |
| packaged as a PAR. The blue elements within the <strong>Application</strong> box constitute |
| the bundles of the application. Each of these bundles imports types from other bundles within |
| the PAR using <code>Import-Package</code>. The green elements in the left column represent |
| <strong>libraries</strong> installed on the VTS. The PAR’s bundles reference these |
| libraries using <code>Import-Library</code>. The purple element in the left column |
| represents a bundle within the VTS’s bundle repository which is imported by the DAO |
| bundle using <code>Import-Bundle</code>. In contrast to a traditional, monolithic |
| WAR deployment, the PAR format provides both a logical and physical application boundary |
| and simultaneously allows the application to benefit from both the OSGi container and the Virgo for Apache Tomcat. |
| <span class="image"><img src="assets/images/migrating-to-osgi-par-structure.png" alt="migrating to osgi par structure"></span></p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><a id="migrating-to-osgi-parplan-decide"></a></p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect3"> |
| <h4 id="_plan_or_par">Plan or PAR?</h4> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Once you have refactored your existing application into separate OSGi bundles, you then must decide whether to package the bundles into a single PAR file or create a plan that lists the bundles by reference. As described in more detail in preceding sections of this guides, PARs and plans have similar benefits, such as:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p>Scoping</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Atomicity, or the ability to deploy and control the bundles as a single unit</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Versioning</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Improved serviceability</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Plans, the method most recommended by us to create your application, has the following added benefits:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p>Guaranteed order of deployment, based on the order in which they are listed in the plan’s XML file</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Ease of sharing content between plans and updating individual plans without having to physically repackage, due to the artifacts being listed by reference.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Ability to disable scoping and atomicity, if desired.</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The main benefit of PARS is that, because they physically contain all the required artifacts, you know exactly what bundles are deployed when you deploy the PAR file, in contrast to plans that allow content to be substituted or lost.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>For details about creating plans and PARs, see <a href="#developing-applications-plans">[developing-applications-plans]</a> and <a href="#developing-applications-packaging">[developing-applications-packaging]</a>, respectively.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div id="footer"> |
| <div id="footer-text"> |
| Last updated 2017-02-23 21:39:45 +01:00 |
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