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| <title>Enabling HTTP/2</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/docbook.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1"><meta name="keywords" content="jetty, servlet, servlet-api, cometd, http, websocket, eclipse, maven, java, server, software"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="Jetty"><link rel="up" href="http2.html" title="Chapter 16. HTTP/2"><link rel="prev" href="http2.html" title="Chapter 16. HTTP/2"><link rel="next" href="http2-configuring.html" title="Configuring HTTP/2"><link xmlns:jfetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.JavaSourceFetchExtension" xmlns:fetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.SourceFetchExtension" xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:l="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/xmlns/l10n/1.0" xmlns:xslthl="http://xslthl.sf.net" xmlns:gcse="http://www.google.com" xmlns:date="http://exslt.org/dates-and-times" rel="shortcut icon" href="images/favicon.ico"><link rel="stylesheet" href="css/highlighter/foundation.css"><script src="js/highlight.pack.js"></script><script> |
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| Version: 9.3.28.v20191105</span></td><td style="width: 50%"></td></tr></table><div xmlns:jfetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.JavaSourceFetchExtension" xmlns:fetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.SourceFetchExtension" xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:l="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/xmlns/l10n/1.0" xmlns:xslthl="http://xslthl.sf.net" xmlns:gcse="http://www.google.com" xmlns:date="http://exslt.org/dates-and-times" class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Enabling HTTP/2</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="http2.html"><i class="fa fa-chevron-left" aria-hidden="true"></i> Previous</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 16. HTTP/2<br><a accesskey="p" href="index.html"><i class="fa fa-home" aria-hidden="true"></i> Home</a></th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="http2-configuring.html">Next <i class="fa fa-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div xmlns:jfetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.JavaSourceFetchExtension" xmlns:fetch="java:org.eclipse.jetty.xslt.tools.SourceFetchExtension" xmlns:d="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:l="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/xmlns/l10n/1.0" xmlns:xslthl="http://xslthl.sf.net" xmlns:gcse="http://www.google.com" xmlns:date="http://exslt.org/dates-and-times" class="jetty-callout"><h5 class="callout"><a href="http://www.webtide.com/">Contact the core Jetty developers at |
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| </p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="http2-enabling"></a>Enabling HTTP/2</h2></div></div></div><p>This section is written assuming that a <a class="link" href="startup-base-and-home.html" title="Managing Jetty Base and Jetty Home">Jetty base directory</a> is being used. |
| A demo Jetty base that supports HTTP/1, HTTPS/1 and deployment from a webapps directory can be created with the commands:</p><div class="screenexample"><pre class="screen">$ JETTY_BASE=http2-demo |
| $ mkdir $JETTY_BASE |
| $ cd $JETTY_BASE |
| $ java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar --add-to-startd=http,https,deploy</pre></div><p>The commands above create a <code class="literal">$JETTY_BASE</code> directory called <code class="literal">http2-demo</code>, and initializes the <code class="literal">http,</code> <code class="literal">https</code> and <code class="literal">deploy</code> modules (and their dependencies) to run a typical Jetty Server on port 8080 (for HTTP/1) and 8443 (for HTTPS/1). |
| Note that the HTTPS module downloads a demo keystore file with a self signed certificate, which needs to be replaced by a Certificate Authority issued certificate for real deployment.</p><p>To add HTTP/2 to this demo base, it is just a matter of enabling the <code class="literal">http2</code> module with the following command:</p><div class="screenexample"><pre class="screen">$ java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar --add-to-startd=http2</pre></div><p>This command does not create a new connector, but instead simply adds the HTTP/2 protocol to the existing HTTPS/1 connector, so that it now supports both protocols on port 8443. |
| To do this, it also transitively enables the ALPN module for protocol negotiation. |
| The support for each protocol can be seen in the info logging when the server is started:</p><div class="screenexample"><pre class="screen">$ java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar |
| ... |
| 2015-06-17 14:16:12.549:INFO:oejs.ServerConnector:main: Started ServerConnector@34c9c77f{HTTP/1.1,[http/1.1]}{0.0.0.0:8080} |
| 2015-06-17 14:16:12.782:INFO:oejs.ServerConnector:main: Started ServerConnector@711f39f9{SSL,[ssl, alpn, h2, h2-17, http/1.1]}{0.0.0.0:8443} |
| ...</pre></div><p>This log shows that port 8080 supports only HTTP/1.1 (which by specification includes HTTP/1.0 support), while port 8443 supports the SSL protocol, with ALPN negotiation to select between several versions of HTTP/2 (h2 & the draft h2-17) and HTTP/1.1. |
| What is not shown is that HTTP/1.1 is the default ALPN protocol, so that if a client connects that does not speak ALPN, then HTTP/1.1 will be assumed.</p><p>A browser can now be pointed at <code class="literal">https://localhost:8443/</code> and if it supports HTTP/2 then it will be used (often indicated by a lightening bolt icon in the address bar). |
| Note that a browser pointed at this server with URL starting with <code class="literal">http://localhost:8080/</code> will still talk HTTP/1.1, as HTTP/2 has not been enabled on the plain text connector.</p><p>HTTP/2 can be enabled on the plain text connector and the server restarted with the following command:</p><div class="screenexample"><pre class="screen">$ java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar --add-to-startd=http2c |
| $ java -jar $JETTY_HOME/start.jar |
| .. |
| 2015-06-17 14:16:12.549:INFO:oejs.ServerConnector:main: Started ServerConnector@6f32cd1e{HTTP/1.1,[http/1.1, h2c, h2c-17]}{0.0.0.0:8080} |
| 2015-06-17 14:16:12.782:INFO:oejs.ServerConnector:main: Started ServerConnector@711f39f9{SSL,[ssl, alpn, h2, h2-17, http/1.1]}{0.0.0.0:8443} |
| ..</pre></div><p>No major browser currently supports plain text HTTP/2, so the 8080 port will only be able to use HTTP/2 with specific clients (eg <code class="literal">curl</code>) that use the upgrade mechanism or assume HTTP/2.</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> |
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